标题： 比较自旋涡环、自旋子和反自旋子的动力学、固定效应和整流效应 显示英文标题

标题： Comparing Dynamics, Pinning and Ratchet Effects for Skyrmionium, Skyrmions, and Antiskyrmions

摘要： 我们比较了自旋涡旋、反自旋涡旋和自旋涡旋对与随机无序、圆形缺陷和不对称势相互作用时的驱动动力学。 当与线缺陷在恒定驱动下相互作用时，自旋涡旋和反自旋涡旋在沿壁运动时表现出加速效应，并且当它们能够越过势垒时速度会下降。 相反，自旋涡旋对沿壁移动时速度较低，并且一旦能够越过势垒，速度会增加。 对于点缺陷，自旋涡旋对可以被固定一段时间，而自旋涡旋和反自旋涡旋由于马格纳斯力会导致偏离缺陷并产生加速效应。 对于给定的驱动，自旋涡旋对的移动速度是自旋涡旋的两倍；然而，自旋涡旋对比自旋涡旋和反自旋涡旋更容易受到钉扎效应的影响。 此外，存在一个临界阈值，自旋涡旋对会转变为一个自旋涡旋，这与纹理速度的下降有关。 我们表明，当与不对称基底相互作用时，所有三种纹理都表现出二极管和棘轮效应，但由于马格纳斯力，自旋涡旋和反自旋涡旋比自旋涡旋对表现出更强的棘轮效应。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We compare the driven dynamics of skyrmions, antiskyrmions, and skyrmionium interacting with random disorder, circular defects, and asymmetric potentials. When interacting with a line defect at a constant drive, skyrmions and antiskyrmions show an acceleration effect for motion along the wall and a drop in velocity when they can cross the barrier. In contrast, skyrmionium travels at a reduced velocity when moving along a wall, and exhibits an increase in velocity once it can cross the barrier. For point defects, skyrmionium can be pinned for a finite fixed period of time, while for skyrmions and antiskyrmions, the Magnus force creates a deflection from the defect and an acceleration effect. For a given drive, skyrmionium moves twice as fast as skyrmions; however, skyrmionium is more susceptible to pinning effects than skyrmions and antiskyrmions. Additionally, there is a critical threshold where the skyrmionium transforms to a skyrmion that is associated with a drop in the velocity of the texture. We show that all three textures exhibit diode and ratchet effects when interacting with an asymmetric substrate, but skyrmions and antiskyrmions show a stronger ratcheting effect than skyrmionium due to the Magnus force.