标题： 质子治疗监测的编码掩模伽马相机的首次实验测试 显示英文标题

标题： First experimental test of a coded-mask gamma camera for proton therapy monitoring

摘要： 目的。 本研究的目的是评估一种编码掩模（CM）伽马相机用于质子治疗实时范围验证的可行性，以满足对精确且高效治疗监测方法的需求。 方法。 在临床条件下测试了CM伽马相机原型。 该设置包括基于闪烁体的检测系统和结构化的钨准直器。 实验包括用能量范围从70.51到108.15 MeV的质子束照射PMMA模型。 实验数据与蒙特卡洛模拟进行了对比。 分别确定了实验数据和模拟的远端落幅位置。 主要结果。 对于$10^8$质子，所测试的CM相机在远端落幅位置确定上的统计精度达到了1.7毫米，这与模拟预测一致，尽管存在硬件限制，如非功能性探测器像素。 模拟表明，一个完全运行的设置将进一步提高探测器的性能。 该系统展示了足够的速率能力以应对临床质子束强度，并且在没有显著死区的情况下保持了性能。 意义。 这项研究验证了CM伽马相机用于实时质子治疗监测的潜力。 这项技术有望提高治疗的准确性与患者的安全性，为现有方法（如单缝和多缝系统）提供了一个具有竞争力的替代方案。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Objective. The objective of the presented study was to evaluate the feasibility of a coded-mask (CM) gamma camera for real-time range verification in proton therapy, addressing the need for a precise and efficient method of treatment monitoring. Approach. A CM gamma camera prototype was tested in clinical conditions. The setup incorporated a scintillator-based detection system and a structured tungsten collimator. The experiment consisted of the irradiation of PMMA phantom with proton beams of energies ranging from 70.51 to 108.15 MeV. Experimental data were benchmarked against Monte Carlo simulations. The distal falloff position was determined for both experimental data and simulations. Main results. The tested CM camera achieved a statistical precision of distal falloff position determination of 1.7 mm for $10^8$ protons, which is consistent with simulation predictions, despite hardware limitations such as non-functional detector pixels. Simulations indicated that a fully operational setup would further improve the performance of the detector. The system demonstrated rate capability sufficient for clinical proton beam intensities and maintained performance without significant dead time. Significance. This study validates the potential of the CM gamma camera for real-time proton therapy monitoring. The technology promises to enhance treatment accuracy and patient safety, offering a competitive alternative to existing approaches such as single-slit and multi-slit systems.