标题： 细胞自动机中斑点和条纹的演变 显示英文标题

标题： Evolution of Spots and Stripes in Cellular Automata

摘要： 细胞自动机是计算机，类似于图灵机。 主要区别在于图灵机使用一维纸带，而细胞自动机使用二维网格。 最著名的细胞自动机是 生命游戏，它是一种通用计算机。 它属于一个有262,144个成员的细胞自动机家族。 通常玩生命游戏涉及工程设计；也就是说，组装由各种部件组合而成的设备，以实现特定的预期结果。 而不是设计细胞自动机，我们提出进化细胞自动机。 进化将突变和选择应用于生物体种群。 如果突变增加了生物体的适应性，它可能会有许多后代，取代适应性较差的生物体。 与工程设计不同，进化并不朝着想象中的目标前进。 进化朝着提高适应性前进，对最终结果的具体形式没有预期。 突变、选择和适应性产生出看起来比工程结构更有机和更像生命的结构。 在我们的实验中，通过进化细胞自动机产生的图案看起来很像猎豹身上的斑点和老虎身上的条纹。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Cellular automata are computers, similar to Turing machines. The main difference is that Turing machines use a one-dimensional tape, whereas cellular automata use a two-dimensional grid. The best-known cellular automaton is the Game of Life, which is a universal computer. It belongs to a family of cellular automata with 262,144 members. Playing the Game of Life generally involves engineering; that is, assembling a device composed of various parts that are combined to achieve a specific intended result. Instead of engineering cellular automata, we propose evolving cellular automata. Evolution applies mutation and selection to a population of organisms. If a mutation increases the fitness of an organism, it may have many descendants, displacing the less fit organisms. Unlike engineering, evolution does not work towards an imagined goal. Evolution works towards increasing fitness, with no expectations about the specific form of the final result. Mutation, selection, and fitness yield structures that appear to be more organic and life-like than engineered structures. In our experiments, the patterns resulting from evolving cellular automata look much like the spots on leopards and the stripes on tigers.