标题： 脉动矢量场可视化用于中子星模拟的磁场 显示英文标题

标题： Time-Variant Vector Field Visualization for Magnetic Fields of Neutron Star Simulations

摘要： 我们提出了一种新颖的可视化应用程序，旨在探索中子星时变磁场的发展。宇宙中最强的磁场存在于中子星内，可能在引发天体物理喷流和促进中子富集物质流出方面发挥作用，最终导致双中子星合并过程中重元素的产生。由于这些效应可能依赖于磁场的强度和配置，因此磁场的形成及其参数是当前天体物理学研究的一部分。研究人员使用模拟来研究磁场，在模拟中测试了多种初始配置。然而，长期的磁场配置仍然是一个开放性问题，目前的模拟无法达到稳定的磁场状态。中子星模拟会产生数TB的数据量，这些数据在空间上是三维的，并且在时间上也是分辨的。我们的工具使物理学家能够交互式地探索生成的数据。首先我们在预处理步骤中转换数据，然后结合稀疏矢量场可视化（使用流线）和密集矢量场可视化（使用线积分卷积）。我们提供了几种响应式与数据交互的方法。这允许用户直观地调查数据特定的问题。此外，多样的可视化技术促进了数据的个体化探索，并实现了特定领域任务的实时处理，例如磁场时变演化的调查。在一项定性研究中，领域专家测试了该工具，并对可用性进行了调查。专家对该工具给予了非常积极的评价，并推荐用于他们的日常工作。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present a novel visualization application designed to explore the time-dependent development of magnetic fields of neutron stars. The strongest magnetic fields in the universe can be found within neutron stars, potentially playing a role in initiating astrophysical jets and facilitating the outflow of neutron-rich matter, ultimately resulting in the production of heavy elements during binary neutron star mergers. Since such effects may be dependent on the strength and configuration of the magnetic field, the formation and parameters of such fields are part of current research in astrophysics. Magnetic fields are investigated using simulations in which various initial configurations are tested. However, the long-term configuration is an open question, and current simulations do not achieve a stable magnetic field. Neutron star simulations produce data quantities in the range of several terabytes, which are both spatially in 3D and temporally resolved. Our tool enables physicists to interactively explore the generated data. We first convert the data in a pre-processing step and then we combine sparse vector field visualization using streamlines with dense vector field visualization using line integral convolution. We provide several methods to interact with the data responsively. This allows the user to intuitively investigate data-specific issues. Furthermore, diverse visualization techniques facilitate individual exploration of the data and enable real-time processing of specific domain tasks, like the investigation of the time-dependent evolution of the magnetic field. In a qualitative study, domain experts tested the tool, and the usability was queried. Experts rated the tool very positively and recommended it for their daily work.