标题： 全息超表面实现6G波计算：现状综述、挑战与未来研究趋势 显示英文标题

标题： Holographic Metasurfaces Enabling Wave Computing for 6G: Status Overview, Challenges, and Future Research Trends

摘要： 近年来，利用超表面的波计算技术取得了重大进展，有望通过实现高速、节能和高度并行化的信号处理来改变无线通信。 这些能力对于满足下一代无线网络所需的每秒1太比特的超高速数据率和低至1毫秒的最小延迟至关重要。 与传统的数字处理不同，波计算采用连续的模拟信号，以促进空中计算、集成感知与通信、计算电磁成像和物理层安全等创新功能。 本文探讨了可重构多功能超表面在波计算中的潜力，强调了它们在促进无缝通信和应对第六代（6G）网络不断增长的计算需求中的关键作用。 由于人工智能在过去十年中已成为最突出且发展迅速的研究领域之一，我们还介绍了一种基于波域的机器学习方法，旨在实现高效能、快速训练和计算。 讨论了未来的研究方向，强调了基于超表面的系统如何将计算与通信相结合，以创新6G网络的组件，从而创建更智能、更快和更适应性强的无线基础设施。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent advancements in wave computing using metasurfaces are poised to transform wireless communications by enabling high-speed, energy-efficient, and highly parallelized signal processing. These capabilities are essential to meet the ultra-high data rates of up to 1 terabit per second and minimal latency as low as 1 millisecond required by next-generation wireless networks. Diverging from traditional digital processing, wave computing adopts continuous analog signals to foster innovative functions such as over-the-air computation, integrated sensing and communications, computational electromagnetic imaging, and physical-layer security. This article explores the potential of reconfigurable multi-functional metasurfaces in wave computing, emphasizing their pivotal role in facilitating seamless communications and addressing the escalating computational demands for sixth generation (6G) networks. As artificial intelligence has become one of the most prominent and rapidly advancing fields of research over the last decade, we also introduce a wave-domain-based machine learning approach aimed at achieving power-efficient, fast training and computation. Future research directions are discussed, underscoring how metasurface-based systems can merge computation with communication to innovate components of 6G networks, thus creating smarter, faster, and more adaptable wireless infrastructures.