标题： 通过重新运行历史停电数据，可以计算出由于减少停电或加快恢复而带来的传输弹性指标的改进。 显示英文标题

标题： The improvement in transmission resilience metrics from reduced outages or faster restoration can be calculated by rerunning historical outage data

摘要： 输电服务通常会收集详细的停电数据，包括由于天气原因导致停电集中发生的韧性事件。 这些韧性事件及其韧性指标可以很容易地从历史停电数据中提取出来。 诸如电网加固或恢复投资等改进措施会导致停电减少或恢复速度加快。 我们展示了如何重新运行这段历史，并包含停电减少或恢复加快的影响，以找到韧性指标的相应改进，从而量化这些投资的效益。 这是通过针对特定事件（如雷暴和飓风）的案例研究来展示的，还包括美国中西部地区所有大型事件或大规模雷雨事件。 而不是用模型预测未来的极端事件，这非常具有挑战性，历史重演可以轻松量化如果在过去做出韧性投资将会带来的好处。 历史重演在向利益相关者说明韧性投资的重要性时尤其生动，因为它量化了那些利益相关者实际经历过的事件的好处，而不是对带有不确定性的未来事件进行预测。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Transmission utilities routinely collect detailed outage data, including resilience events in which outages bunch up due to weather. The resilience events and their resilience metrics can readily be extracted from this historical outage data. Improvements such as grid hardening or investments in restoration lead to reduced outages or faster restoration. We show how to rerun this history with the effects of the reduced outages or faster restoration included to find the resulting improvement in resilience metrics, thus quantifying the benefits of these investments. This is demonstrated with case studies for specific events (a derecho and a hurricane), and all large events or large thunderstorms in the Midwest USA. Instead of predicting future extreme events with models, which is very challenging, the historical rerun readily quantifies the benefits that a resilience investment would have had if it had been made in the past. The historical rerun is particularly vivid in making the case for resilience investments to stakeholders because it quantifies the benefits for events actually experienced by those stakeholders, rather than for future events predicted with uncertainty.