标题： 迈向净零：电动汽车灵活性参与对未来挪威电力系统的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Driving towards net-zero: The impact of electric vehicle flexibility participation on a future Norwegian electricity system

摘要： 电动汽车电池具有经过验证的灵活性潜力，这可以作为传统电力存储解决方案的替代方案。 EV电池可以支持供需平衡以及可变可再生能源的电力系统整合。 与传统电池储能相比，电动汽车的灵活性潜力取决于车辆用户愿意并且有机会将其车辆用于灵活性的能力。 尽管电动汽车的灵活性可能对电力系统产生影响，但这一参与率在许多研究中并未被考虑。 本研究提出了对挪威电力系统的建模研究，展示了未来净零电力系统如何在考虑参与率的情况下，从电动汽车在整合可再生能源和平衡供需方面的优势中受益。 我们的研究结果表明，仅需50%的车辆到电网参与率，电动汽车就有潜力消除对固定电池储能的需求。 我们发现，假设灵活充电和车辆到电网的参与率为100%，电动汽车的灵活性可使电力系统的总成本分别减少近4%和15%。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Electric vehicle batteries have a proven flexibility potential which could serve as an alternative to conventional electricity storage solutions. EV batteries could support the balancing of supply and demand and the integration of variable renewable energy into the electricity system. The flexibility potential from electric vehicles, in distinction to conventional battery storage, depends on the vehicle user's willingness and opportunity to make their vehicle available for flexibility. This rate of participation is often not considered in studies, despite the impact electric vehicle flexibility could have on the electricity system. This work presents a modelling study of the Norwegian electricity system, demonstrating how a future net-zero electricity system can benefit from electric vehicles in terms of integrating renewables and balancing supply and demand, while considering the rate of participation. Our findings show electric vehicles' potential to eliminate the need for stationary battery storage with just 50% participation in vehicle-to-grid. We find that the flexibility of electric vehicles contributes to relative reductions in the total cost of the electricity system by almost 4% and 15% assuming 100% participation in flexible charging and vehicle-to-grid, respectively.