标题： 光的抛物线量子流中的琼斯-罗伯茨孤子观测 显示英文标题

标题： Observation of Jones-Roberts solitons in a paraxial quantum fluid of light

摘要： 我们研究了在平滑非均匀量子流体中琼斯-罗伯茨孤子的形成和动力学。 为此，我们使用通过热铷蒸气传播的傍轴近共振激光束创建了光的超流体。 我们在超流体中激发了一个有界涡旋-反涡旋偶极子，并观察到其转变为稀疏脉冲并返回，这与琼斯和罗伯茨的开创性预测一致。 利用与射线光学的类比，我们计算了相互作用涡旋的轨迹，从非均匀流体密度中推导出有效的折射率。 最后，我们分析地和实验地检查了超流体速度相关性，观察到从不可压缩到可压缩速度的相干性转移，这是涡旋与稀疏脉冲之间动态转换的直接标志。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate the formation and dynamics of Jones-Roberts solitons in a smoothly inhomogeneous quantum fluid. To do so, we create a superfluid of light using paraxial, near-resonant laser beam propagating through a hot rubidium vapor. We excite a bounded vortex-antivortex dipole in the superfluid and observe its transition to a rarefaction pulse and back, in agreement with the seminal predictions of Jones and Roberts. Employing an analogy with ray optics, we calculate the trajectory of the interacting vortices, deriving an effective refractive index from the inhomogeneous fluid density. Finally, we examine analytically and experimentally the superfluid velocity correlations, observing a transfer of coherence from incompressible to compressible velocity of the quantum fluid, a direct signature of the dynamical conversion between vortices and rarefaction pulse.