标题： 高速铁路基础设施的生命周期模型：法国图尔-波尔多铁路的环境清单和评估 显示英文标题

标题： A life cycle model for high-speed rail infrastructure: environmental inventories and assessment of the Tours-Bordeaux railway in France

摘要： 方法：进行符合ISO 14040和14044标准的基于过程的生命周期评价。 建设阶段的生命周期清单数据来源于高速铁路线路特许经营商的数据收集，以及EcoInvent 3.1的库存数据。 使用阶段和退役阶段的生命周期清单基于专家反馈情景和现场数据。 提出了一组13个中间指标，以捕捉环境损害的多样性：气候变化、一次能源和不可再生资源消耗、人体毒性和生态毒性、富营养化、酸化、放射性废物和大量废物、平流层臭氧消耗和夏季烟雾。 结果：研究表明，轨道（10-71%）、路基（3-48%）和土木工程结构（4-28%）对环境影响有主要贡献。 道砟（1-22%）、建筑机械（0-17%）、轨枕（4-11%）和供电系统（2-12%）的影响较小。 最后两个组件，即轨距块和扣件，影响可以忽略不计（分别占总贡献的最高1%和3%）。 直接运输最多可贡献总影响的18%。 生产和维护阶段对环境退化贡献大致相等（分别为平均62%和59%）。 由于退役（EoL）阶段主要包含回收利用，并且在我们的100:100方法中计入了环境信用，因此该阶段在所有影响类别中总体上具有积极影响（-9至-98%），除了陆地生态毒性（58%）、放射性废物（11%）和臭氧消耗（8%）。 贡献分析表明，如果混凝土生产是建设阶段的重要贡献过程之一，那么钢铁生产无疑是整个生命周期所有影响类别中最主要的过程。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Method: a process-based LCA compliant with ISO 14040 and 14044 is performed. Construction stage LCIs rely on data collection conducted with the concessionaire of the HSR line combined with EcoInvent 3.1 inventories. Use and End-of-Life stages LCIs rest on expert feedback scenarios and field data. A set of 13 midpoint indicators is proposed to capture the diversity of the environmental damage: climate change, consumptions of primary energy and non-renewable resources, human toxicity and ecotoxicities, eutrophication, acidification, radioactive and bulk wastes, stratospheric ozone depletion and summer smog. Results: The study shows major contributions to environmental impact from rails (10-71%), roadbed (3-48%), and civil engineering structures (4-28%). More limited impact is noted from ballast (1-22%), building machines (0-17%), sleepers (4-11%), and power supply system (2-12%). The two last components, chairs and fasteners, have negligible impact (max. 1% and 3% of total contributions, respectively). Direct transportation can contribute up to 18% of total impact. The production and maintenance stages contribute roughly equally to environmental deterioration (resp. average of 62% and 59%). Because the End-of-Life (EoL) mainly includes recycling with environmental credit accounted for in our 100:100 approach, this stage has globally a positive impact (-9 to -98%) on all the impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity (58%), radioactive waste (11%) and ozone depletion (8%). Contribution analyses show that if concrete production is one of the important contributing process over the construction stage, primary steel production is unquestionably the most important process on all the impact categories over the entire life cycle.