标题： 关于大型语言模型作为气候变迁与可持续性政策审议的数据来源 显示英文标题

标题： On Large Language Models as Data Sources for Policy Deliberation on Climate Change and Sustainability

摘要： 我们提出研究问题：“大型语言模型（LLMs）能否提供可信的评估分数，以用于构建启动多准则决策分析（MCDM）模型，从而支持关于气候和可持续性政策的初步讨论？” 在这项探索性研究中，我们： i. 确定了一些美国地方政府（实际上也是全世界各地政府）正在积极考虑的有趣政策选项。 ii. 确定了若干生活质量指标作为这些政策的适当评估标准。 iii. 使用GPT-4在多个标准上获取这些政策的评估分数。 iv. 使用TOPSIS多准则决策方法根据获得的评估分数对政策进行排名。 v. 通过比较基于TOPSIS的政策排名与知情评估练习得到的排名，来评估分数表集合的质量和有效性。 我们发现，GPT-4与我们知情评估练习中的政策排名大致一致。 因此，我们得出结论（始终是暂时性的，并假设适度的审查），即GPT-4可以作为后续关于气候和可持续性政策讨论过程的可信输入，甚至起点。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We pose the research question, "Can LLMs provide credible evaluation scores, suitable for constructing starter MCDM models that support commencing deliberation regarding climate and sustainability policies?" In this exploratory study we i. Identify a number of interesting policy alternatives that are actively considered by local governments in the United States (and indeed around the world). ii. Identify a number of quality-of-life indicators as apt evaluation criteria for these policies. iii. Use GPT-4 to obtain evaluation scores for the policies on multiple criteria. iv. Use the TOPSIS MCDM method to rank the policies based on the obtained evaluation scores. v. Evaluate the quality and validity of the resulting table ensemble of scores by comparing the TOPSIS-based policy rankings with those obtained by an informed assessment exercise. We find that GPT-4 is in rough agreement with the policy rankings of our informed assessment exercise. Hence, we conclude (always provisionally and assuming a modest level of vetting) that GPT-4 can be used as a credible input, even starting point, for subsequent deliberation processes on climate and sustainability policies.