标题： 单组分 Yukawa 系统中的晶体成核速率 显示英文标题

标题： Crystal nucleation rates in one-component Yukawa systems

摘要： 过冷Yukawa系统中的成核对于解决当前在理解包括白矮星（WD）恒星在内的多种结晶系统中的挑战具有重要意义。 我们使用暴力计算和种子分子动力学模拟来研究过冷Yukawa液体中晶体的均匀成核。 通过我们改进的种子模拟方法，我们获得了晶体成核速率和团簇大小分布的定量预测，这些预测是温度和屏蔽长度的函数。 这些定量结果表明，短程势能趋向于快速成核。 它们还表明，在温度$T > 0.9T_m$处，其中$T_m$是熔化温度，经典均匀成核太慢，无法引发结晶，但大约由100个粒子组成的瞬时团簇应该很常见。 我们将这些一般性结果应用于典型的WD模型，并获得了约0.6 Gyr的结晶开始延迟，这可能是可观测的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Nucleation in the supercooled Yukawa system is relevant for addressing current challenges in understanding a range of crystallizing systems including white dwarf (WD) stars. We use both brute force and seeded molecular dynamics simulations to study homogeneous nucleation of crystals from supercooled Yukawa liquids. With our improved approach to seeded simulations, we obtain quantitative predictions of the crystal nucleation rate and cluster size distributions as a function of temperature and screening length. These quantitative results show trends towards fast nucleation with short-ranged potentials. They also indicate that for temperatures $T > 0.9T_m$, where $T_m$ is the melt temperature, classical homogeneous nucleation is too slow to initiate crystallization but transient clusters of around 100 particles should be common. We apply these general results to a typical WD model and obtain a delay of approximately 0.6 Gyr in the onset of crystallization that may be observable.