标题： 超越热量：印度温度和湿度对心理健康的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Beyond the heat: The mental health toll of temperature and humidity in India

摘要： 关于热与心理健康关系的证据仍然不一致。我表明，这可以部分归因于以前的研究只关注温度而忽略了温度与湿度的相互作用。使用一个同时考虑这两个指标（湿球温度）的衡量标准，我评估了极端高温与心理健康之间的因果关系，以及其在社会经济指标中的异质性。我将来自三个印度世卫组织SAGE调查波次的自我报告抑郁和焦虑水平与气候数据相结合，利用由于调查时间和地点造成的高温暴露的准随机变化。结果表明，极端高温会增加抑郁的风险，但不会增加焦虑的风险。重要的是，当不考虑湿度时，这些影响始终较小。最后，这项研究提供了证据表明，地区心理健康计划在减轻不利心理健康影响方面起到了保护作用。研究结果表明，由气候变化引起的成本需要考虑到心理健康恶化带来的经济后果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Evidence on the heat-mental health nexus remains mixed. I show that this can be partly explained by previous studies focusing solely on temperature while neglecting temperature-humidity interactions. Using a measure that considers both indicators (wet bulb temperature), I assess the causal link between extreme heat and mental health, and its heterogeneity across socioeconomic indicators. I combine self-reported depression and anxiety levels from three Indian WHO-SAGE survey waves with climate data, leveraging quasi-random variation in heat exposure due to survey timing and location. The results reveal that extreme heat increases the risk of depression but not of anxiety. Importantly, these effects are consistently smaller when humidity is not considered. Finally, the study provides evidence that the District Mental Health Program plays a protective role in mitigating adverse mental health effects. The findings suggest that the costs induced by climate change need to account for the economic consequences of deteriorated mental health.