标题： 氮空位中心的光学泵浦过程的热力学 显示英文标题

标题： Thermodynamics of the optical pumping process in Nitrogen-Vacancy centers

摘要： 光学泵浦过程是使用氮空位（NV）中心平台中的电子自旋和核自旋进行量子协议的基本工具。 在本工作中，我们从热力学的角度探讨通过光学泵浦实现电子自旋极化的过程。 我们确定了功和热的来源，并表明热流与实验上可获取的NV中心荧光直接相关。 我们还表明，电子自旋的极化取决于激光泵浦提供给系统的功的量。 此外，我们研究了该过程中的冯·诺依曼熵变化。 我们证明熵可以分为两个贡献：一个来自产生的热量，另一个来自提供的功，这是泵浦过程非幺正性的结果。 最后，我们表明增加激光功率会导致最终态的熵增加，这会阻碍极化效率。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The optical pumping process is a fundamental tool for quantum protocols using the electronic and nuclear spins in the Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers platform. In this work, we explore the process of electronic spin polarization through optical pumping from a thermodynamic perspective. We identify the sources of work and heat and show that the heat current is direct related to the experimentally accessible fluorescence of the NV center. We also show that the polarization of the electronic spin depends on the amount of work that is provided to the system by the laser pump. Moreover, we study the von Neumann entropy change in the process. We demonstrate that the entropy can be separated into two contributions: one due to the heat produced and the other due to the work provided, which is a consequence of the non-unitary nature of the pumping process. Finally, we show that increasing the power of the laser results in the increasing of the entropy of the final state, which hinders the polarization efficiency.