标题： 在恒定磁场存在下Poincaré光束与光学极化原子的相互作用 显示英文标题

标题： Interaction of a Poincaré beam with optically polarized atoms in the presence of constant magnetic field

摘要： 近期的研究强调了结构光模式在光学泵浦原子磁力计中的广泛应用。 在这项工作中，我们理论上探讨了庞加莱光束如何探测光学极化的原子介质。 具体而言，我们考虑由具有线性偏振的平面波极化且浸没在恒定外部磁场中的原子。 我们分析了泵浦光和探测光场的偏振以及外部磁场如何影响吸收谱线轮廓。 为此，我们采用基于刘维尔-冯·诺依曼方程的密度矩阵方法。 我们的结果显示，吸收谱线轮廓呈现出一种依赖于磁场强度和泵浦光与探测光传播方向相对于量子化轴的相互取向的不对称模式。 为了说明这一点，我们假设入射辐射驱动铷原子在磁场作用下发生电偶极跃迁，即 $5s \, ^2S_{1/2}$ ($F=1$) $\rightarrow$ $5p \, ^2P_{3/2}$ ($F=0$)。 这些发现可能有助于设计未来利用结构光模式的光学泵浦原子磁力计实验。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent studies have highlighted the frequent applications of structured light modes in optically pumped atomic magnetometers. In this work, we theoretically explore how a Poincar\'e beam probes an optically polarized atomic medium. Specifically, we consider atoms polarized by a plane wave with linear polarization, immersed in a constant external magnetic field. We analyze how the polarization of the pump and probe light fields, along with the external magnetic field, impact the absorption profile. To this end, we employ a density matrix approach based on the Liouville-von Neumann equation. Our results reveal that the absorption profile exhibits an asymmetric pattern that depends on the magnetic field strength and the mutual orientation of the pump and probe light propagation directions relative to the quantization axis. For illustration, we assume the incoming radiation drives an electric dipole transition, $5s \, ^2S_{1/2}$ ($F=1$) $\rightarrow$ $5p \, ^2P_{3/2}$ ($F=0$), in rubidium atoms subjected to a magnetic field. These findings may aid in designing future experiments on optically pumped atomic magnetometers utilizing structured light modes.