标题： 增生囊泡的重正规力学与随机热力学 显示英文标题

标题： Renormalized mechanics and stochastic thermodynamics of growing vesicles

摘要： 揭示定义生物细胞的膜在非平衡动力学中的规律对于理解生命系统的物理机制具有至关重要的意义。 我们从理论上和计算上研究了柔性准球形囊泡与外部储库交换膜成分、内部体积和热量时的行为。 储库施加的化学势差和渗透压差作为广义热力学驱动力来调节囊泡形态。 我们表明，非平衡驱动对膜机械性质的重正化导致了形态转变：在弱驱动状态下，生长中的囊泡保持准球形；而在强驱动状态下，囊泡通过发展表面皱纹来适应快速的膜吸收。 此外，我们基于随机热力学的见解提出了一个最小的囊泡生长-形状定律，该定律即使在强驱动、远离平衡的状态下也能稳健地描述囊泡生长动力学。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Uncovering the rules governing the nonequilibrium dynamics of the membranes that define biological cells is of central importance to understanding the physics of living systems. We theoretically and computationally investigate the behavior of flexible quasispherical vesicles that exchange membrane constituents, internal volume, and heat with an external reservoir. The excess chemical potential and osmotic pressure difference imposed by the reservoir act as generalized thermodynamic driving forces that modulate vesicle morphology. We show that the renormalization of membrane mechanical properties by nonequilibrium driving gives rise to a morphological transition between a weakly driven regime, in which growing vesicles remain quasispherical, and a strongly driven regime, in which vesicles accommodate rapid membrane uptake by developing surface wrinkles. Additionally, we propose a minimal vesicle growth-shape law, derived using insights from stochastic thermodynamics, that robustly describes vesicle growth dynamics even in strongly driven, far-from-equilibrium regimes.