标题： 动态暗能量暗示耦合的暗物质领域：通过数据驱动方法从DESI DR2获得的见解 显示英文标题

标题： Dynamical Dark Energy Implies a Coupled Dark Sector: Insights from DESI DR2 via a Data-Driven Approach

摘要： 最近来自暗能量光谱仪器（DESI）数据发布2（DR2）的观测结果揭示了动态暗能量的有力证据，挑战了 $\Lambda$CDM 模型。 在本工作中，我们采用数据驱动、模型无关的方法，利用结合的背景宇宙学数据集重建暗能量状态方程（EoS）及其与暗物质的潜在相互作用，包括DESI DR2、宇宙时钟、观测哈勃数据和Ia型超新星。 使用高斯过程回归和非参数形式，我们首先确认了动态暗能量的 $\sim 2\sigma$的迹象，特征是在红移 $z \sim 0.4$附近出现幻影穿越，与DESI结果一致。 然后我们探讨了来自DESI DR2的动态EoS对暗区耦合的影响。 结合来自DESI DR2的EoS先验，我们发现低红移处暗能量与暗物质之间存在 $\sim 2\sigma$的非零相互作用信号。 我们的结果表明，如果DESI关于随时间变化的暗能量的证据得到确认，耦合的暗区可能是在 $\Lambda$CDM 之外的必要扩展。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2 (DR2) have revealed compelling evidence for dynamical dark energy, challenging the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. In this work, we adopt a data-driven, model-independent approach to reconstruct the dark energy equation of state (EoS) and its potential interaction with dark matter using combined background cosmological datasets, including DESI DR2, cosmic chronometers, observational Hubble data, and Type Ia supernovae. Using Gaussian Process regression and a non-parametric formalism, we first confirm a $\sim 2\sigma$ indication of dynamical dark energy, featuring a phantom crossing around redshift $z \sim 0.4$, consistent with DESI results. We then explore the implications of dynamical EoS from DESI DR2 for dark sector coupling. Incorporating priors on the EoS from DESI DR2, we find a $\sim 2\sigma$ signal for non-zero interactions between dark energy and dark matter at low redshift. Our results suggest that if DESI's evidence for time-varying dark energy is confirmed, a coupled dark sector may be a necessary extension beyond $\Lambda$CDM.