标题： 度规-仿射Myrzakulov引力理论：模型、应用与理论发展 显示英文标题

标题： Metric-Affine Myrzakulov Gravity Theories: Models, Applications and Theoretical Developments

摘要： 本文综述了Myrzakulov引力的全面概览，强调了塑造该理论的关键发展和重要成果。 它探讨了基础原理、场方程以及非度量性和挠率在引力相互作用中的作用。 该理论的影响扩展到宇宙学、天体物理学和强引力场领域，为暗物质和暗能量提供了替代方案。 重点放在修正的爱因斯坦-希尔伯特作用上，及其对宇宙膨胀的影响和天体物理应用（如黑洞和引力波）。 讨论了来自宇宙学和引力波测试的观测限制，以完善模型。 通过将Myrzakulov引力置于广义修改引力的更广泛背景下，本综述探讨了其重塑基础物理的潜力。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This review presents a comprehensive overview of Myrzakulov gravity, highlighting key developments and significant results shaping the theory. It examines the foundational principles, field equations, and the role of non-metricity and torsion in gravitational interactions. The theory's implications extend to cosmology, astrophysics, and strong gravitational fields, offering alternatives to dark matter and dark energy. A focus is placed on the modified Einstein-Hilbert action, its impact on cosmic expansion, and astrophysical applications such as black holes and gravitational waves. Observational constraints from cosmology and gravitational wave tests are discussed to refine the model. By situating Myrzakulov gravity within the broader context of modified gravity, this review explores its potential to reshape fundamental physics.