标题： 自旋-轨道相互作用、时间反演对称性和自旋选择性 显示英文标题

标题： Spin-orbit interactions, time-reversal symmetry, and spin selection

摘要： 自旋选择性输运通常与自旋 - 轨道相互作用相关联。然而，这些相互作用在时间反演对称性下是不变的，并且Onsager关系和Bardarson定理表明，这样的相互作用不能为通过两个电子库之间的结点的输运提供自旋选择性。在这里，我们回顾了几种克服这一限制的方法，使用Zeeman磁场、Aharonov-Bohm相位、产生时变自旋 - 轨道相互作用的时变电场、时变瞬态、多于两个端口、泄漏以及结点上每个离子的多于一个能级。我们的考虑集中在低温下非相互作用电子的输运。在所考虑的一个系统中指出了可能与手性诱导自旋选择性（CISS）现象的联系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Spin selective transport is usually associated with spin-orbit interactions. However, these interactions are invariant under time-reversal symmetry, and the Onsager relations and Bardarson's theorem imply that such interactions cannot yield spin selectivity for transport through a junction between two electronic reservoirs. Here, we review several ways to overcome this restriction, using a Zeeman magnetic field, the Aharonov-Bohm phase, time-dependent electric fields that generate time-dependent spin-orbit interactions, time-dependent transients, more than two terminals, leakage, and more than one level per ion on the junction. Our considerations focus on the transport of noninteracting electrons at low temperatures. A possible connection with the phenomenon of chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) is pointed out in one of the systems considered.