标题： 在原子极限下一维扩展Hubbard模型中的伪转变附近模仿卡诺的量子奥托引擎 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum Otto engine mimicking Carnot near pseudotransitions in the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit

摘要： 在原子极限下的一维扩展Hubbard模型（EHM）最近被发现表现出一种有趣的热伪相变行为，这种行为与一级和二级热相变非常相似。 这一现象发生在半满填充时，受到零温下交替对（AP）相和顺磁（PM）相之间量子相变的影响。 在这项研究中，我们利用这种异常行为来研究量子多体机器的性能，以EHM作为工作物质。 我们的分析表明，当量子奥拓引擎在异常区域运行时，其表现接近理想的卡诺引擎。 在这个区域内，奥拓引擎的工作输出和热效率都增加，接近卡诺引擎的性能。 这突显了多体系统（如EHM）在提升量子热力学性能方面的潜力。 我们的研究结果表明，尽管热力学第二定律阻止发动机超越卡诺效率，但在异常区域，奥拓引擎可以非常接近这个极限运行，为未来关于量子热力学循环和工作物质的研究提供了新的方向。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The one-dimensional extended Hubbard model (EHM) in the atomic limit has recently been found to exhibit a curious thermal pseudo-transition behavior, which closely resembles first and second-order thermal phase transitions. This phenomenon, occurring at half-filling, is influenced by the quantum phase transition between the alternating pair (AP) and paramagnetic (PM) phases at zero temperature. In this study, we leverage this anomalous behavior to investigate the performance of quantum many-body machines, using the EHM as the working substance. Our analysis reveals that the quantum Otto engine, when operating in the anomalous region, closely mimics the ideal Carnot engine. In this region, both the work output and thermal efficiency of the Otto engine increase, approaching the performance of a Carnot engine. This highlights the potential of many-body systems, such as the EHM, in enhancing quantum thermodynamic performance. Our findings demonstrate that, although the second law of thermodynamics prevents engines from surpassing Carnot efficiency, the Otto engine can operate remarkably close to this limit in the anomalous region, offering insights into new directions for future research on quantum thermodynamic cycles and working substances.