标题： 受挫里德堡原子阵列遇到腔QED：超辐射钟相的出现 显示英文标题

标题： Frustrated Rydberg Atom Arrays Meet Cavity-QED: Emergence of the Superradiant Clock Phase

摘要： 光学腔中的里德堡原子三角晶格是理解几何阻挫与量子化光子之间相互作用的理想平台。利用大规模量子蒙特卡洛方法，我们得到了丰富的基态相图。在半满的情况下，无限长程的光-物质相互作用消除了基态简并性，导致了一种新的序共存超辐射时钟（SRC）相，这种相完全破坏了经典光场中观察到的脆弱的无序诱导序（OBD）相。根据Ginzburg-Landau理论，这种替换可能是由于三重和六重时钟项之间的竞争所致。类似于自旋超固体，在$Z_2$对称线上的清晰一阶相变归因于非零的光子密度，它耦合到三重时钟项。最后，我们用二聚体语言讨论了低能物理，并提出腔介导的非局域环交换相互作用可能在由腔QED引起的丰富物理现象中起关键作用。我们的工作开启了研究多体量子光学中量子相变新兴现象的新领域。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Rydberg atom triangular arrays in an optical cavity serve as an ideal platform for understanding the interplay between geometric frustration and quantized photons. Using a large-scale quantum Monte Carlo method, we obtain a rich ground state phase diagram. Around half-filling, the infinite long-range light-matter interaction lifts the ground state degeneracy, resulting in a novel order-coexisted superradiant clock (SRC) phase that completely destroys the fragile order-by-disorder (OBD) phase observed in classical light fields. According to the Ginzburg-Landau theory, this replacement may result from the competition between threefold and sixfold clock terms. Similar to the spin supersolid, the clear first-order phase transition at the $Z_2$ symmetry line is attributed to the nonzero photon density, which couples to the threefold clock term. Finally, we discuss the low-energy physics in the dimer language and propose that cavity-mediated nonlocal ring exchange interactions may play a critical role in the rich physics induced by the attachment of cavity-QED. Our work opens a new arena of research on the emergent phenomena of quantum phase transitions in many-body quantum optics.