标题： 有限温度下的磁极子：单空穴谱学研究 显示英文标题

标题： Magnetic polarons at finite temperature: One-hole spectroscopy study

摘要： 强关联费米子的物理性质，由在欠掺杂区域中的Hubbard或$t$-$J$模型描述——这与铜氧化物化合物中的高温超导性相关——仍然是一个持续争论的主题。 特别是，这一区域中电荷载流子的性质尚不明确，部分原因是其谱函数的异常特性。 在本信中，我们在有限温度下，针对$t$-$J$模型中的单空穴谱函数提供了无偏的数值结果。 我们的研究为掺杂反铁磁体（AFM）中磁（或自旋-）极化子形成的底层物理提供了有价值的见解。 例如，我们发现谱权重在磁布里渊区外的抑制——费米弧形成的前兆——随着温度升高而消失，揭示了未掺杂AFM中几乎去禁闭的自旋子激发。 我们考虑的原始环境可以直接通过量子模拟器进行探索。 我们的计算表明，与磁极化子相关的相干准粒子峰可以在高于自旋交换$J$的温度$T>J$下被观察到，这在这样的实验中是常规获得的。 这为未来研究赝能隙相中磁极化子的命运铺平了道路。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The physics of strongly correlated fermions described by Hubbard or $t$-$J$ models in the underdoped regime -- relevant for high-temperature superconductivity in cuprate compounds -- remains a subject of ongoing debate. In particular, the nature of charge carriers in this regime is poorly understood, in part due to the unusual properties of their spectral function. In this Letter, we present unbiased numerical results for the one-hole spectral function in a $t$-$J$ model at finite temperatures. Our study provides valuable insights into the underlying physics of magnetic (or spin-) polaron formation in a doped antiferromagnet (AFM). For example, we find how the suppression of spectral weight outside the magnetic Brillouin zone -- a precursor of Fermi arc formation -- disappears with increasing temperature, revealing nearly-deconfined spinon excitations of the undoped AFM. The pristine setting we consider can be directly explored using quantum simulators. Our calculations demonstrate that coherent quasiparticle peaks associated with magnetic polarons can be observed up to temperatures $T>J$ above the spin-exchange $J$, routinely obtained in such experiments. This paves the way for future studies of the fate of magnetic polarons in the pseudogap phase.