标题： 质子束流引力场测量的路径 显示英文标题

标题： The path towards measuring the gravitational field of proton bunches at accelerators

摘要： 描述非相对论性（缓慢移动）引力物质引力相互作用的牛顿定律已在许多实验室实验中以极高的精度进行了检验。 相比之下，后闵可夫斯基对于超相对论性物质引力场的预测，这种物质由动量而非静止质量主导，尚未直接得到验证。 LHC储存环中强烈的超相对论质子束为首次在受控实验室尺度实验中测试广义相对论和替代引力理论提供了潜力，在这一参数范围内研究。 如果成功，这将开辟LHC的一种全新用例，其中复杂的引力物理可以很可能以寄生模式进行研究，而无需专门的填充模式。 尽管技术挑战巨大，但它们也应该推动超高灵敏度加速传感器的发展，这些传感器在科学和技术的其他领域有着广泛的应用。 本文档总结了这一方向上的理论研究现状，指出了挑战以及可能的应对方法。 它作为欧洲粒子物理战略（ESPP）2026更新的一部分提交。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Newtonian law describing the gravitational interaction of non-relativistic (slowly moving) gravitating matter, has been tested in many laboratory experiments with very high precision. In contrast, the post Minkowskian predictions for the gravitational field of ultra-relativistic matter, dominated by momentum instead of rest mass, have not been tested directly yet. The intense ultra-relativistic proton beam in the LHC storage ring offers the potential to test general relativity and alternative gravitational theories in this parameter regime for the first time in controlled lab-scale experiments. If successful, this would open the road to a novel use case of the LHC, where non-trivial gravitational physics could be studied likely in a parasitic mode, without the necessity of dedicated filling patterns. While the technical challenges are formidable, they should also lead to the development of ultra-high-sensitive acceleration sensors with abundant applications in other parts of science and technology. The present document summarizes the status of the theoretical studies in this direction, points out the challenges, and possible ways of addressing them. It was submitted as a contribution to the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) 2026 Update.