标题： 来自DESI DR2的广义引力-热力学宇宙学约束 显示英文标题

标题： Constraints on Generalized Gravity-Thermodynamic Cosmology from DESI DR2

摘要： 我们探讨了广义熵模型在引力-热力学（GT）方法框架下的宇宙学含义。 这些模型由三个或四个额外的自由参数表征，旨在捕捉对标准贝肯斯坦-霍金熵的偏离，并可在各种分析极限下再现已知的熵公式，包括塔斯勒斯、黎尼、夏玛-米塔尔、巴罗、卡尼亚达基斯和圈量子引力熵。 我们使用完全数值的GT方法实现了相应的宇宙学模型，以限制模型参数并研究暗能量状态方程随标度因子的变化情况。 我们的贝叶斯分析结合了Pantheon+和DESy5超新星数据以及最近发布的DESI-DR2/DR1重子声学振荡（BAO）测量数据，结果显示数据更倾向于标准贝肯斯坦-霍金熵，导致$\Lambda$CDM 类似的晚期行为。 在此背景下，三参数（$\mathcal{S}_3$）熵模型似乎足以捕捉观测到的暗能量现象。 此外，贝叶斯证据的直接比较表明，三参数模型相对于四参数（$\mathcal{S}_4$）变体被偏好一个因子为$\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -6$，而GT方法整体上相对于$\Lambda$CDM 模型显著不被偏好，至少为$\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -8$（$\mathcal{S}_3$）到$\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -13$（$\mathcal{S}_4$），当使用 DESy5 和 DESI-DR2 数据集时。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We explore the cosmological implications of generalized entropic models within the framework of Gravity-Thermodynamics (GT) approaches. These models, characterized by three or four additional free parameters, are designed to capture deviations from the standard Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and can reproduce well-known entropic formulations, including Tsallis, R\'enyi, Sharma-Mittal, Barrow, Kaniadakis, and Loop Quantum Gravity entropies in various analytical limits. We implement the corresponding cosmological models using a fully numerical GT approach to constrain the model parameters and to study the evolution of the dark energy equation of state as a function of the scale factor. Our Bayesian analysis, which incorporates the Pantheon+ and DESy5 supernovae data alongside the recently released DESI-DR2/DR1 Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements, shows that the data favor the standard Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, leading to a $\Lambda$CDM-like late-time behavior. In this context, the three-parameter ($\mathcal{S}_3$) entropic model appears to be sufficient to capture the observed dark energy phenomenology. Furthermore, a direct comparison of the Bayesian evidence indicates that the three-parameter model is preferred over the four-parameter ($\mathcal{S}_4$) variant by a factor of $\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -6$, while the GT approach as a whole is significantly disfavored relative to the $\Lambda$CDM model with at least $\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -8$ ($\mathcal{S}_3$) to $\Delta\log\mathcal{B} \sim -13$ ($\mathcal{S}_4$), when using the DESy5 and DESI-DR2 datasets.