标题： COVID-19对建筑能耗的影响 显示英文标题

标题： The impact of COVID-19 on building energetics

摘要： 建筑物占全球能源需求和温室气体排放的很大一部分。以麻省理工学院校园为案例研究，我们发现，类似于生物有机体的基础代谢，大型建筑平均而言比小型建筑每单位面积节能$25\%$。这表明机构可以被视为超级种群，其中建筑物作为单元（有机体）遵循标准的代谢关系。重要的是，大型建筑的相对效率逐步增加到$34\%$直至2020年。然而，新冠疫情作为一个重大冲击，扰乱了这一趋势，并导致逆转至预期的$25\%$基线水平。这表明能量适应依赖于相对稳定的条件。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Buildings are responsible for a significant portion of global energy demand and GHG emissions. Using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology campus as a case study, we find that, similar to the baseline metabolism of biological organisms, large buildings are on average $25\%$ more energetically efficient per unit size than smaller buildings. This suggests that institutions can be perceived as super populations with buildings as units (organisms) following standard metabolic relationships. Importantly, the relative efficiency of larger buildings progressively increased to $34\%$ until 2020. However, the COVID-19 pandemic acted as a major shock, disrupting this trend and leading to a reversal to the expected $25\%$ baseline level. This suggests that energetic adaptations are contingent on relatively stable conditions.