标题： 对称性，纠缠，以及$S$-矩阵 显示英文标题

标题： Symmetry, entanglement, and the $S$-matrix

摘要： 我们提出了一种通用框架，通过量子信息理论的视角将全局对称性与相对论$S$-矩阵联系起来。 分析任意螺旋度粒子的 2 到 2 散射，我们系统地将相对论散射振幅表征为具有离散量子数的状态双部分空间中的量子门。 这一形式主义自然恢复并显著扩展了关于$S$-矩阵纠缠抑制的先前结果，提供了一种从信息论角度研究对称性出现的综合方法。 作为中心结果，我们证明将$S$-矩阵限制在最小纠缠算符的跨度内等价于实现一个新兴的$SU(N)$全局对称性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present a general framework connecting global symmetries to the relativistic $S$-matrix through the lens of quantum information theory. Analyzing the 2-to-2 scattering of particles of any helicity, we systematically characterize relativistic scattering amplitudes as quantum gates in the bipartite space of states with a discrete quantum number. This formalism naturally recovers and significantly extends previous results on entanglement suppression of the $S$-matrix, providing a comprehensive approach for studying the emergence of symmetries from an information-theoretic perspective. As a central result, we show that constraining the $S$-matrix to the span of minimally entangling operators is equivalent to realizing an emergent $SU(N)$ global symmetry.