标题： 一切都${\tt Ok}$：基于 DESI DR2 的 BAO 观测视角下的曲率 显示英文标题

标题： It's All ${\tt Ok}$: Curvature in Light of BAO from DESI DR2

摘要： 近期来自暗能量光谱仪（DESI）的重子声波振荡（BAO）测量结果显示，在宇宙学标准模型框架内，与宇宙微波背景（CMB）数据存在张力的迹象。在这篇简短的笔记中，我们讨论了解决这一张力的一个方案的后果，即一个小但为负的空间曲率，记作$R_k = 21 H_0^{-1}$，这由 DESI 在$2\sigma$测量得到。 我们描述了曲率在与重新结合相关的宇宙距离测量中的物理作用，即 CMB 和 BAO，并讨论了当曲率允许偏离零时，中微子质量约束放松到$\sum m_\nu < 0.10$电子伏特的关系。 对负曲率的稳健探测将对膨胀模型产生重大影响：改进的 BAO 测量，特别是来自未来高红移光谱巡天的测量，将能够在高显著性水平上区分曲率与其他解决方案，比如高红移下的幻影暗能量，以解决 DESI-CMB 张力。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) show hints of tension with data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) when interpreted within the standard model of cosmology. In this short note we discuss the consequences of one solution to this tension, a small but negative spatial curvature with $R_k = 21 H_0^{-1}$, which DESI measures at $2\sigma$. We describe the physical role of curvature in cosmological distance measures tied to recombination, i.e. the CMB and BAO, and the relation to neutrino mass constraints which are relaxed to $\sum m_\nu < 0.10$ eV when curvature is allowed to deviate from zero. A robust detection of negative curvature would have significant implications for inflationary models: improved BAO measurements, particularly from future high-redshift spectroscopic surveys, will be able to distinguish curvature from other solutions to the DESI-CMB tension like phantom dark energy at high significance.