标题： 一切都与${\tt Ok}$有关：基于 DESI DR2 的 BAO 曲率研究 显示英文标题

标题： It's All ${\tt Ok}$: Curvature in Light of BAO from DESI DR2

摘要： 近期来自暗能量光谱仪（DESI）的重子声波振荡（BAO）测量结果，在基于宇宙学标准模型解释时，显示出与宇宙微波背景（CMB）数据存在张力的迹象。在这篇短文中，我们讨论了解决这一张力的一种方案的后果，即具有小且负的空间曲率的情况，并且当结合CMB数据时，DESI在$R_k = 21 H_0^{-1}$测量了$2\sigma$。我们描述了曲率在与重新复合相关的宇宙距离度量（即CMB和BAO）中的物理作用，以及当允许曲率偏离零时，中微子质量限制放宽到$\sum m_\nu < 0.10$eV 的关系（置信水平为$95\%$）。如果能稳健地探测到负曲率，这将对膨胀模型产生重大影响：改进的BAO测量，特别是来自未来高红移光谱巡天的测量，将能够以高显著性区分曲率与其他解决DESI-CMB张力的方案（如高红移的幻影暗能量）。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) show hints of tension with data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) when interpreted within the standard model of cosmology. In this short note we discuss the consequences of one solution to this tension, a small but negative spatial curvature with $R_k = 21 H_0^{-1}$, which DESI measures at $2\sigma$ when combined with CMB data. We describe the physical role of curvature in cosmological distance measures tied to recombination, i.e. the CMB and BAO, and the relation to neutrino mass constraints which are relaxed to $\sum m_\nu < 0.10$ eV at $95\%$ confidence when curvature is allowed to deviate from zero. A robust detection of negative curvature would have significant implications for inflationary models: improved BAO measurements, particularly from future high-redshift spectroscopic surveys, will be able to distinguish curvature from other solutions to the DESI-CMB tension like phantom dark energy at high significance.