标题： 平面中的蛇：纳米磁性超材料中的可控滑翔机 显示英文标题

标题： Snakes in the Plane: Controllable Gliders in a Nanomagnetic Metamaterial

摘要： 已知作为人工自旋冰（ASI）的磁性超材料是神经形态计算的有希望的候选者，由大量相互作用的纳米磁铁在平面上排列组成。 每个计算设备都需要能够转换、传输和存储信息的能力。 虽然ASI在数据转换方面表现出色，但可靠的数据传输和存储一直难以实现。 在这里，我们从细胞自动机（CA）中获得灵感，这是一种与ASI相似的抽象计算模型。 在CA中，信息的传输和存储可以通过“滑翔机”来实现，这是一种能够在保持其形式的同时传播的简单结构。 利用进化算法，我们在轮辐状ASI中搜索滑翔机，并展示发现的最简单的滑翔机：“蛇”。 在全局场协议的驱动下，“蛇”严格地单向移动，其方向由其取向决定。 我们通过仿真和实验演示了“蛇”，并分析了其运动机制。 “蛇”提供了一种操作ASI中磁纹理的方法，分辨率可达约100纳米，这反过来可以用于精确控制其他磁现象。 将数据传输、存储和修改集成到同一磁性基板中，开启了超低功耗计算设备的潜力。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The magnetic metamaterials known as Artificial Spin Ice (ASI) are promising candidates for neuromorphic computing, composed of vast numbers of interacting nanomagnets arranged in the plane. Every computing device requires the ability to transform, transmit and store information. While ASI excel at data transformation, reliable transmission and storage has proven difficult to achieve. Here, we take inspiration from the Cellular Automaton (CA), an abstract computing model reminiscent of ASI. In CAs, information transmission and storage can be realised by the ``glider'', a simple structure capable of propagating while maintaining its form. Employing an evolutionary algorithm, we search for gliders in pinwheel ASI and present the simplest glider discovered: the ``snake''. Driven by a global field protocol, the snake moves strictly in one direction, determined by its orientation. We demonstrate the snake, both in simulation and experimentally, and analyse the mechanism behind its motion. The snake provides a means of manipulating a magnetic texture in an ASI with resolution on the order of 100 nm, which could in turn be utilised to precisely control other magnetic phenomena. The integration of data transmission, storage and modification into the same magnetic substrate unlocks the potential for ultra-low power computing devices.