标题： 婴儿与照顾者在语音领域中的突发性和人际捕食行为 显示英文标题

标题： Burstiness and interpersonal foraging between human infants and caregivers in the vocal domain

摘要： 照料者发出的声音被认为能促进婴儿更频繁且更高级的发声。 然而，研究这种关系的研究通常没有考虑到婴儿和成人发声在一天中以分层簇的形式分布这一事实。 这些爆发和停顿给准确检测日常行为中成人即时轮到轮回应的效果带来了挑战，因为成人的回应往往发生在婴儿发声爆发期间。 通过对人类婴儿（3、6、9和18个月大）及其成人照顾者之间真实世界语音交流的全天录音分析，我们首先表明，婴儿和照顾者的发声事件在时间上是聚集的，这通过连续事件间隔（IEIs）之间的正相关得以证明。 我们提出了一种受觅食研究中的飞行时间分析启发的方法，以评估另一个发声主体的输入是否会影响发声主体下次发声的时间，同时控制第一个主体之前的IEI。 对于婴儿和成人来说，接收到社会性回应预测了个体比在没有回应的情况下会更快地再次发声。 总体而言，我们的结果与婴儿-照顾者语音互动是一种“人际觅食”过程的观点一致，在这个过程中，社交回应是个人正在寻找的资源之一，并且具有内在的多尺度动态。 这里介绍的分析方法在研究其他模态、背景和物种的沟通中有广泛的应用价值。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Vocal responses from caregivers are believed to promote more frequent and more advanced infant vocalizations. However, studies that examine this relationship typically do not account for the fact that infant and adult vocalizations are distributed in hierarchical clusters over the course of the day. These bursts and lulls create a challenge for accurately detecting the effects of adult input at immediate turn-by-turn timescales within real-world behavior, as adult responses tend to happen during already occurring bursts of infant vocalizations. Analyzing daylong audio recordings of real-world vocal communication between human infants (ages 3, 6, 9, and 18 months) and their adult caregivers, we first show that both infant and caregiver vocalization events are clustered in time, as evidenced by positive correlations between successive inter-event intervals (IEIs). We propose an approach informed by flight time analyses in foraging studies to assess whether the timing of a vocal agent's next vocalization is modified by inputs from another vocal agent, controlling for the first agent's previous IEI. For both infants and adults, receiving a social response predicts that the individual will vocalize again sooner than they would have in the absence of a response. Overall, our results are consistent with a view of infant-caregiver vocal interactions as an 'interpersonal foraging' process with inherent multi-scale dynamics wherein social responses are among the resources the individuals are foraging for. The analytic approaches introduced here have broad utility to study communication in other modalities, contexts, and species.