标题： 多用户通信借助交叉链接可移动天线阵列：架构与优化 显示英文标题

标题： Multiuser Communications Aided by Cross-Linked Movable Antenna Array: Architecture and Optimization

摘要： 可移动天线（MA）被认为是一种通过实现天线的灵活移动来增强无线通信性能的有前景的技术。然而，由于需要独立可控的驱动组件，传统MA系统的硬件成本随可移动元件数量的增加而增加。 为了降低成本，本文提出了一种名为交叉链接MA（CL-MA）阵列的新架构，该架构能够使多个天线在水平和垂直方向上集体移动。 为了评估CL-MA阵列的性能优势，我们考虑了一个上行多用户通信场景。 具体来说，我们的目标是在满足每个用户给定最小速率要求的同时，通过联合优化水平和垂直天线位置向量（APVs）、基站（BS）的接收合并以及用户的发射功率，来最小化总的发射功率。 推导出了总发射功率的全局下限，并在每个用户只有一个信道路径的情况下得到了APVs的闭式解。 对于更一般的多信道路径情况，我们开发了一种基于离散天线位置优化的低复杂度算法。 此外，为了进一步减少天线移动开销，提出了基于统计信道的天线位置优化方法，允许APVs在长时间内保持不变。 仿真结果显示，所提出的CL-MA方案显著优于传统的固定位置天线（FPA）系统，并且接近理论上的总发射功率下限。 与基于瞬时信道的CL-MA优化相比，基于统计信道的方法虽然会带来轻微的性能损失，但实现了显著更低的移动开销，使其成为实际无线系统的一个有吸引力的解决方案。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Movable antenna (MA) has been regarded as a promising technology to enhance wireless communication performance by enabling flexible antenna movement. However, the hardware cost of conventional MA systems scales with the number of movable elements due to the need for independently controllable driving components. To reduce hardware cost, we propose in this paper a novel architecture named cross-linked MA (CL-MA) array, which enables the collective movement of multiple antennas in both horizontal and vertical directions. To evaluate the performance benefits of the CL-MA array, we consider an uplink multiuser communication scenario. Specifically, we aim to minimize the total transmit power while satisfying a given minimum rate requirement for each user by jointly optimizing the horizontal and vertical antenna position vectors (APVs), the receive combining at the base station (BS), and the transmit power of users. A globally lower bound on the total transmit power is derived, with closed-form solutions for the APVs obtained under the condition of a single channel path for each user. For the more general case of multiple channel paths, we develop a low-complexity algorithm based on discrete antenna position optimization. Additionally, to further reduce antenna movement overhead, a statistical channel-based antenna position optimization approach is proposed, allowing for unchanged APVs over a long time period. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed CL-MA schemes significantly outperform conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) systems and closely approach the theoretical lower bound on the total transmit power. Compared to the instantaneous channel-based CL-MA optimization, the statistical channel-based approach incurs a slight performance loss but achieves significantly lower movement overhead, making it an appealing solution for practical wireless systems.