标题： CHIMERAS项目：无碰撞高β磁化实验研究天体系统的设框架 显示英文标题

标题： The CHIMERAS Project: Design Framework for the Collisionless HIgh-beta Magnetized Experiment Researching Astrophysical Systems

摘要： 从近地太阳风到星系团的星团内介质，无碰撞、高贝塔、磁化等离子体遍布我们的宇宙。 能量和动量从大尺度场和流传输到等离子体粒子的小尺度运动在这类系统中普遍存在，但这些基本物理机制的完整图景仍然难以捉摸。 这种传输通常是由阿尔芬波动的湍流级联以及各种动能不稳定性介导的；这些过程往往是多尺度和/或多维的，这使得仅使用航天任务和数值模拟来研究它们变得困难（Dorfman等人，2023；Lichko等人，2020, 2023）。 同时，现有的实验室装置难以在必要的一系列尺度上产生无碰撞、高离子贝塔（$\beta_i \gtrsim 1$）、磁化的等离子体。 正如最近社区规划文件中设想的（Carter等人，2020；Milchberg和Scime，2020；Baalrud等人，2020；Dorfman等人，2023），因此，建立下一代实验室设施以首次在实验室中创建一个$\beta_i \gtrsim 1$、无碰撞、磁化的等离子体是非常重要的。 已经成立了一个工作组，并正在积极定义使该设施达到建设就绪状态所需的必要技术要求。 近期的进展包括目标参数和诊断需求的发展以及识别出需要源-靶设备几何形状的需求。 随着工作组已经在社区内引领新的协同效应，我们预计由各种联邦机构（包括NASA、DOE和NSF）资助的广泛用户群体将会大量使用未来的设施。 显示英文摘要

摘要： From the near-Earth solar wind to the intracluster medium of galaxy clusters, collisionless, high-beta, magnetized plasmas pervade our universe. Energy and momentum transport from large-scale fields and flows to small scale motions of plasma particles is ubiquitous in these systems, but a full picture of the underlying physical mechanisms remains elusive. The transfer is often mediated by a turbulent cascade of Alfv{\'e}nic fluctuations as well as a variety of kinetic instabilities; these processes tend to be multi-scale and/or multi-dimensional, which makes them difficult to study using spacecraft missions and numerical simulations alone (Dorfman et al. 2023; Lichko et al. 2020, 2023). Meanwhile, existing laboratory devices struggle to produce the collisionless, high ion beta ($\beta_i \gtrsim 1$), magnetized plasmas across the range of scales necessary to address these problems. As envisioned in recent community planning documents (Carter et al. 2020; Milchberg and Scime 2020; Baalrud et al. 2020; Dorfman et al. 2023; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2024, it is therefore important to build a next generation laboratory facility to create a $\beta_i \gtrsim 1$, collisionless, magnetized plasma in the laboratory for the first time. A Working Group has been formed and is actively defining the necessary technical requirements to move the facility towards a construction-ready state. Recent progress includes the development of target parameters and diagnostic requirements as well as the identification of a need for source-target device geometry. As the working group is already leading to new synergies across the community, we anticipate a broad community of users funded by a variety of federal agencies (including NASA, DOE, and NSF) to make copious use of the future facility.