标题： 关于太阳黑子数的一个可能问题 显示英文标题

标题： A Possible Problem with the Sunspot Number

摘要： 太阳黑子是由对流发电机驱动的强磁场区域。 鲁道夫·沃尔德设计了他的太阳黑子数（SN）序列来描述其随时间的变化。 大多数其他的太阳现象与SN同步变化，尤其是微波辐射。 在2014年7月至2015年12月期间，SN与微波通量（例如F10.7）的变化异常，尽管微波通量相对于SDO航天器上的HMI仪器测量的太阳磁场没有显示出任何异常。 这指向了使用自2011年以来由世界数据中心太阳影响（ROB的SIDC/SILSO）收到的148,714份太阳黑子观测报告推导SN可能存在的问题。 自那时起，原始数据的缺失，违反了ROB公开数据的声明政策，阻止了对该异常的独立评估和可能的修正。 我们敦促ROB提供原始数据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Sunspots are areas of strong magnetic fields driven by a convective dynamo. Rudolf Wolf devised his Sunspot Number (SN) series to describe its variation with time. Most other solar phenomena vary in concert with SN, in particular the microwave radiation. During the interval 2014-Jul to 2015-Dec, the variation of the SN with the microwave flux (e.g. F10.7) was anomalous, although microwave flux did not exhibit any anomaly with respect to the solar magnetic field measured by the HMI instrument on the SDO spacecraft. This points to a possible problem with the derivation of the SN using the 148,714 reports of sunspot observations received by the World Data Center Solar Influences (SIDC/SILSO at ROB) since 2011 (when the last public raw data was released). The unavailability of the raw data since then, contrary to avowed open data policy of ROB, prevents independent assessment and possible correction of the anomaly. We urge ROB to make the raw data available.