标题： 金星夜侧磁层中的电场和波 显示英文标题

标题： Electric fields and waves in the Venus nightside magnetosphere

摘要： 2024年11月6日，帕克太阳探测器飞掠金星，首次在金星背阳面的磁层中进行了准确的电场测量。 为了实现这一结果，电场天线被电流偏置，这是电场探测器以前从未经历过的。 讨论并展示了这种偏置要求，即在金星阴影区的正向偏置电流应与电子热流大致相等。 在8分钟背阳面磁层穿越过程中，获得了大约1分钟有用的电场数据，在此期间唯一观察到的特征是几赫兹的信号。 这一结果连同磁场测量表明，在背阳面穿越过程中几乎没有电磁波，比如低频电磁湍流或哨声波。 相反，发现了一个几赫兹的纯静电信号。 这表明太阳风与一个有电离层但无磁场的天体相互作用可能与之前研究过的磁化天体不同。 在阳光照射的侧面，观测到了许多电磁波模式。 这些结果描述了在阴影区未来进行电场测量时正确技术的第一步。 显示英文摘要

摘要： On November 6, 2024, the Parker Solar Probe flew past Venus to make the first accurate electric field measurement in the nightside Venusian magnetosphere. To achieve this result, the electric field antennas were current biased in a way never before experienced by an electric field detector. This biasing requirement, that the positive bias current in the Venus shadow be about equal to the electron thermal current, is discussed and illustrated. About one minute of useful electric f ield data in the eight-minute nightside magnetosphere crossing was obtained, during which the only feature observed was a few Hz signal. This result, along with the magnetic field measurements, showed that there were few if any electromagnetic waves, such as low-frequency electromagnetic turbulence or whistlers, in the nightside crossing. Instead, a few Hertz, purely electrostatic signal was found. This suggests that the interaction of the solar wind with an unmagnetized body having an ionosphere may be different from that of previously studied magnetized bodies. In the sunlit flanks, many electromagnetic wave modes were observed. These results describe the first step in the proper technique for future measurements of electric fields in shadow.