标题： μ子成像用于非法货物检测：基于仿真的研究 显示英文标题

标题： Muon Imaging for Illicit Cargo Detection: A Simulation-Based Study

摘要： 本研究评估了μ子断层扫描作为一种非侵入性技术在货物中检测隐藏的违禁毒品的潜力，基于使用GEANT4工具包进行的详细模拟。 结合μ子散射和吸收数据的综合分析被用来增强材料区分能力，重点关注涉及藏有可卡因的真实走私场景。 提出了一种两阶段检查协议以平衡检测速度和分辨率。 在第一阶段，使用持续60秒的快速扫描来识别异常的散射和吸收率，而不需要完整的断层重建。 一旦发现异常，在延长扫描阶段（约30分钟）开始，以实现高分辨率三维成像，从而准确定位和识别隐藏的物质。 模拟结果显示，在探测器空间分辨率为1毫米（FWHM）的情况下，在快速扫描阶段可以以大约3西格玛的统计显著性检测到隐藏的违禁品如可卡因。 在延长扫描阶段，藏在香蕉箱中的可卡因包裹成功地通过断层重建可视化并使用聚类算法如DBSCAN自动识别。 这些发现证实了宇宙射线μ子断层扫描作为被动、安全且有效的手段，在实际货物检查应用中检测违禁品的可行性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This study evaluates the potential of muon tomography as a non-invasive technique for detecting concealed illicit drugs in cargo, based on detailed simulations performed using the GEANT4 toolkit. A combined analysis of muon scattering and absorption data was employed to enhance material discrimination, with a focus on realistic smuggling scenarios involving cocaine hidden within legitimate cargo. A two-stage inspection protocol is proposed to balance detection speed and resolution. In the first stage, a rapid scan lasting 60 seconds is used to identify anomalous scattering and absorption rates, without requiring full tomographic reconstruction. Upon detection of anomalies, an extended scan ~30 minutes is initiated to enable high-resolution three-dimensional imaging for accurate localization and identification of hidden materials. Simulation results demonstrate that, with a detector spatial resolution of 1 mm (FWHM), concealed contraband such as cocaine can be detected with approximately 3 sigma statistical significance during the rapid scan phase. In extended scans, cocaine packages concealed within banana boxes were successfully visualized and automatically identified using clustering algorithms such as DBSCAN applied to the tomographic reconstruction. These findings confirm the feasibility of cosmic-ray muon tomography as a passive, safe, and effective approach for contraband detection in real-world cargo inspection applications.