标题： 毫开尔文温度下完整二端口散射参数的测量与校准方法 显示英文标题

标题： Measurement and Calibration Approaches for Full Two-Port Scattering Parameters at mK Temperatures

摘要： 本文介绍了用于在低温下实现完整两路端口校准散射参数测量的装置和表征方法，并提供了完整的不确定度预算。 在意大利国家计量研究院（INRiM）开发的系统利用短路-开路-负载-互易技术，在单次冷却循环中实现误差修正的低温测量。 该系统可以在微开尔文范围内工作，在同轴线4-12 GHz频段内运行。 校准标准参考可追溯到室温测量，而一种数值方法被用来评估器件响应从室温值的偏移，并推导出关键信息以实现完整的测量不确定度预算。 此外，根据国际认可的程序评估了相关的测量不确定度贡献，并给出了综合的不确定度预算。 展示了对一个20 dB衰减器的测试测量作为示例。 在6 GHz处得到了20.70 ± 0.08 dB（95%置信区间）的衰减值。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper describes the developed set-up and the characterization approaches to realize full two-port, calibrated scattering parameters measurements at cryogenic temperatures, providing a complete uncertainty budget. The system developed at the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM, Italy), exploits the Short-Open-Load-Reciprocal technique, to realize error corrected cryogenic measurements with single cooling cycle. The system operates at temperatures down to the mK range, in the band 4-12 GHz in coaxial line. Calibration standards are referred to traceable room temperature measurements, while a numerical approach is used to evaluate the artifact response shift from room temperature values, and derive key information to enable full measurement uncertainty budget. Moreover, relevant measurement uncertainty contributions are evaluated according to internationally agreed procedures, and a comprehensive uncertainty budget is presented. Test measurements on a 20 dB attenuator are shown as an example. An attenuation value of 20.70 +/- 0.08 dB (95% confidence interval) was obtained at 6 GHz.