标题： 电荷中性的镱原子的同位素无关运动基态冷却 显示英文标题

标题： Isotope-agnostic motional ground-state cooling of neutral Yb atoms

摘要： 高效且高保真的基态冷却运动自由度对于量子模拟、计算和计量学的应用至关重要。 在这里，我们展示了直接在超窄钟跃迁上的二维和三维魔幻波长光晶格中冷却费米子$^{171}$Yb 和玻色子$^{174}$Yb 原子。 其高光谱分辨率提供了达到极低温度的潜力。 为了确保高效的冷却，我们开发了一种啁啾边带冷却方案，通过扫描时钟激光频率来减轻空间陷阱不均匀性的影响。 我们进一步将边带频谱的理论描述推广到更高维度的晶格中，以实现精确的热测量。 我们实现了 2D 的基态分数$97\%$对于$^{171}$Yb，平均运动占据数为$\bar{n}\simeq0.015$，并与$^{174}$Yb 进行了直接比较，达到了相似的冷却性能。 在 3D 中应用相同的方案导致了受到垂直方向层间不均匀性限制的$\bar{n}\simeq0.15$。 这些结果证明了在光学晶格中的高效运动基态冷却，特别是对于其他方法不适用的碱土金属（类）原子，为中性原子的量子科学应用打开了新的协议之门。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Efficient high-fidelity ground-state cooling of motional degrees of freedom is crucial for applications in quantum simulation, computing and metrology. Here, we demonstrate direct ground-state cooling of fermionic $^{171}$Yb and bosonic $^{174}$Yb atoms in two- and three-dimensional magic-wavelength optical lattices on the ultranarrow clock transition. Its high spectral resolution offers the potential for reaching extremely low temperatures. To ensure efficient cooling, we develop a chirped sideband cooling scheme, where we sweep the clock-laser frequency to mitigate the effects of spatial trap inhomogeneities. We further generalize the theoretical description of sideband spectra to higher-dimensional lattices for precise thermometry. We achieve 2D ground state fractions of $97\%$ for $^{171}$Yb with an average motional occupation of $\bar{n}\simeq0.015$ and provide a direct comparison with $^{174}$Yb, reaching similar cooling performance. Applying the same scheme in 3D results in $\bar{n}\simeq0.15$ limited by layer-to-layer inhomogeneities in the vertical direction. These results demonstrate efficient motional ground-state cooling in optical lattices, especially for bosonic alkaline-earth(-like) atoms, where other methods are not applicable, opening the door to novel protocols for quantum science applications with neutral atoms.