标题： 基于模拟的先验条件从星系团聚中限制动态暗能量 显示英文标题

标题： Constraining Dynamical Dark Energy from Galaxy Clustering with Simulation-Based Priors

摘要： 基于模拟先验的场理论全形状分析（EFT-SBP）是一种新的星系聚类数据分析方法，它允许在统一框架中结合微扰理论和基于模拟建模的优点。 在本文中，我们使用EFT-SBP结合BOSS的星系聚类功率谱和三阶矩数据，以测试DESI合作组最近报告的动力暗能量偏好。 虽然动力暗能量被DESI重子声学振荡、\textit{普朗克}宇宙微波背景和Pantheon+超新星数据的组合所偏好，但我们表明，一旦这些数据集与常规的BOSS EFT星系功率谱和三阶矩似然结合，这种偏好就会消失。 在此分析中使用基于模拟的先验进一步通过将参数后验收缩到宇宙常数区域来削弱动力暗能量的证据。 具体而言，从综合数据集中获得的动力暗能量约束的优度指标比使用保守先验的常规EFT全形状分析提高了$\approx 20\%$。 这些结果得益于一种新颖的EFT先验分布建模方法，即高斯混合模型，这使我们既能准确捕捉EFT先验，又能保留对大部分EFT噪声参数进行解析边缘化的能力。 我们的结果挑战了DESI数据的动力暗能量解释，并为在非最小宇宙学模型背景下未来对BOSS和DESI的EFT-SBP分析提供了可能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The effective-field theory based full-shape analysis with simulation-based priors (EFT-SBP) is the novel analysis of galaxy clustering data that allows one to combine merits of perturbation theory and simulation-based modeling in a unified framework. In this paper we use EFT-SBP with the galaxy clustering power spectrum and bispectrum data from BOSS in order to test the recent preference for dynamical dark energy reported by the DESI collaboration. While dynamical dark energy is preferred by the combination of DESI baryon acoustic oscillation, \textit{Planck} Cosmic Microwave Background, and Pantheon+ supernovae data, we show that this preference disappears once these data sets are combined with the usual BOSS EFT galaxy power spectrum and bispectrum likelihood. The use of the simulation-based priors in this analysis further weakens the case for dynamical dark energy by additionally shrinking the parameter posterior around the cosmological constant region. Specifically, the figure of merit of the dynamical dark energy constraints from the combined data set improves by $\approx 20\%$ over the usual EFT-full-shape analysis with the conservative priors. These results are made possible with a novel modeling approach to the EFT prior distribution with the Gaussian mixture models, which allows us to both accurately capture the EFT priors and retain the ability to analytically marginalize the likelihood over most of the EFT nuisance parameters. Our results challenge the dynamical dark energy interpretation of the DESI data and enable future EFT-SBP analyses of BOSS and DESI in the context of non-minimal cosmological models.