标题： 滑动微管在手性主动力的作用下表现出可调的集体旋转 显示英文标题

标题： Gliding microtubules exhibit tunable collective rotation driven by chiral active forces

摘要： 手性如何在不同尺度上传播仍然是许多生物和合成系统中的一个开放问题。 这种传播的一个特别清晰的表现出现在细胞骨架丝在表面上的体外滑动测定中，由分子马达驱动。 这些测定已成为活性物质动力学的模型系统，因为它们自发地组织成多种动态状态，包括具有手性旋转的集体运动。 然而，这些手性集体动力学的微观机制仍然不清楚。 在这里，我们在两种稳定条件下研究微管滑动测定实验中的旋转活性向列序，每种条件在两种类型的底物上进行。 我们提出，马达作用于微管上的活性力的手性代表了这种大尺度手性的一种可行机制。 通过具有手性活性的自推进、半柔性丝的布朗动力学模拟，我们证明即使在组成部分丝没有曲率（即形状手性）的情况下，这种机制也能产生协同旋转的活性向列序。 此外，我们预测集体旋转的角速度和手性可以通过调节丝的刚度来调节。 我们的发现确定了一组新的足够能够从分子尺度到材料尺度可预测地传播手性手性的微观要素，在生命和活性物质中。 显示英文摘要

摘要： How chirality propagates across scales remains an open question in many biological and synthetic systems. An especially clear manifestation of this propagation is found in in vitro gliding assays of cytoskeletal filaments on surfaces, driven by molecular motors. These assays have become model systems of active matter dynamics, as they spontaneously organize into diverse dynamical states, including collective motions with chiral rotation. However, the microscopic mechanisms underlying these chiral collective dynamics have remained unclear. Here, we investigate rotating active nematic order in microtubule gliding assay experiments under two stabilization conditions, each on two types of substrates. We propose that chirality in active forces exerted by motors on microtubules represents a viable mechanism for this large-scale chirality. Using Brownian dynamics simulations of self-propelled, semiflexible filaments with chiral activity, we demonstrate that coherently rotating active nematic order emerges by this mechanism even in the absence of curvature, i.e. shape chirality, of the constituent filaments. Moreover, we predict that the angular speed and handedness of the collective rotation can be tuned by modulating filament stiffness. Our findings identify a new set of sufficient microscopic ingredients for predictable propagation of chiral handedness from the molecular to the material scale in living and active matter.