标题： 基于脑电的听觉脑机接口，使用自主频率带调制在完全锁定患者中进行通信 显示英文标题

标题： EEG-Based Auditory BCI for Communication in a Completely Locked-In Patient Using Volitional Frequency Band Modulation

摘要： 肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）完全闭锁状态（CLIS）的患者会失去所有可靠的运动控制，无法进行任何交流。目前尚不清楚非侵入性脑电图（EEG）基脑机接口（BCIs）是否能在CLIS中支持自主交流。在这里，我们展示了CLIS患者能够在多个在线会话中操作基于EEG的BCI，以回答一般知识和与个人相关的问题。患者通过在不同通道上自主调节α和β波段功率，借助BCI的实时听觉反馈，给出“是”/“否”响应。在所有会话中，患者传达的辅助需求都超过了随机水平，在最后一次会话中取得了完美成绩。一般知识问题的表现因会话而异，其中两次会话显示出准确且超过随机水平的响应，而第一次和最后一次会话仍处于随机水平。患者还表现出随时间一致的调制模式。这些发现表明，非侵入性BCIs可能为恢复CLIS患者的基本交流提供潜在途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the completely locked-in state (CLIS) can lose all reliable motor control and are left without any means of communication. It remains unknown whether non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can support volitional communication in CLIS. Here, we show that a CLIS patient was able to operate an EEG-based BCI across multiple online sessions to respond to both general knowledge and personally relevant assistive questions. The patient delivered "Yes"/"No" responses by volitionally modulating alpha and beta band power at different channels, guided by real-time auditory feedback from the BCI. The patient communicated assistive needs above chance in all sessions, achieving a perfect score in the final session. Performance on general knowledge questions varied across sessions, with two sessions showing accurate and above-chance responses, while the first and last sessions remained at chance level. The patient also showed consistent modulation patterns over time. These findings suggest that non-invasive BCIs may offer a potential pathway for restoring basic communication in CLIS.