标题： 由相互作用驱动的原子级小毛细管中离子渗透的巨静电调制 显示英文标题

标题： Interaction-Driven Giant Electrostatic Modulation of Ion Permeation in Atomically Small Capillaries

摘要： 操控盐浓度为100 mM或更高的纳米流体系统中的静电双电层并调节导电性一直是一个持续的挑战。 主要原因包括（i）短的静电接近长度，约3-10 {\AA }，以及（ii）难以制造原子级的小孔道。 在这里，我们成功制备了运输高度约为3-5 {\AA }的平面蛭石层状结构，即使在1000 mM浓度下也表现出接近1的阳离子选择性，表明静电双电层发生了重叠。 对于从-2 V到+1 V的栅极电压，在1000 mM KCl浓度下，K+插层的蛭石表现出显著的导电性调制，超过1400%。 门控的开/关比基本上不受离子浓度（10-1000 mM）的影响，这证实了静电双电层与通道内的集体离子运动重叠，并且活化能降低。 相比之下，插入Ca2+和Al3+离子的蛭石层状结构在负栅极电压增加时导电性下降，突显了在{\AA }-尺度限制下的离子特异性门控效应的重要性。 我们的研究有助于更深入地理解在高度受限的流体通道中发生的静电现象，为探索二维材料的广阔库打开了新的途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Manipulating the electrostatic double layer and tuning the conductance in nanofluidic systems at salt concentrations of 100 mM or higher has been a persistent challenge. The primary reasons are (i) the short electrostatic proximity length, ~3-10 {\AA}, and (ii) difficulties in fabricating atomically small capillaries. Here, we successfully fabricate in-plane vermiculite laminates with transport heights of ~3-5 {\AA}, which exhibit a cation selectivity close to 1 even at a 1000 mM concentration, suggesting an overlapping electrostatic double layer. For gate voltages from -2 V to +1 V, the K+-intercalated vermiculite shows a remarkable conductivity modulation exceeding 1400% at a 1000 mM KCl concentration. The gated ON/OFF ratio is mostly unaffected by the ion concentration (10-1000 mM), which confirms that the electrostatic double layer overlaps with the collective ion movement within the channel with reduced activation energy. In contrast, vermiculite laminates intercalated with Ca2+ and Al3+ ions display reduced conductance with increasing negative gate voltage, highlighting the importance of ion-specific gating effects under {\AA}-scale confinement. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of electrostatic phenomena occurring in highly confined fluidic channels, opening the way to the exploration of the vast library of two-dimensional materials.