标题： 通过格点场模拟测试宇宙弦的Nambu-Goto近似 显示英文标题

标题： Testing Nambu-Goto approximation of cosmic string by lattice field simulations

摘要： 精确计算宇宙弦网络产生的引力波（GW）和粒子辐射在理论和实验上都具有重要意义。 在本信中，我们对近全局和局部弦网络进行了数值模拟，比较了格点场模拟和Nambu-Goto（NG）近似方法对GW谱的预测。 我们发现，对于近全局弦，通过NG近似计算的GW谱与格点场模拟之间的差异可以忽略不计，而随着规范耦合强度的增加，差异会增大。 此外，我们确认粒子辐射显著主导能量辐射，对于近全局和局部弦情况，GW能量与粒子能量的比值大约为$10^{-3}$到$10^{-2}$。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The precise calculation of gravitational wave (GW) and particle emissions from cosmic string networks is of significant theoretical and experimental interest. In this Letter, we perform numerical simulations of near-global and local string networks, comparing the GW spectra predictions from both lattice field simulation and the Nambu-Goto (NG) approximation methods. We find the discrepancy between the GW spectra computed via the NG approximation and the lattice field simulation is negligible for near-global string and grow with increasing gauge coupling. Additionally, we confirm that particle emission significantly dominates energy emission, with the ratio of GW energy to particle energy approximately $10^{-3}$ to $10^{-2}$ for both near-global and local string scenarios.