标题： 类星体本动的高红移宇宙的动力学畸变 显示英文标题

标题： Kinematic Distortions of the High-Redshift Universe as Seen from Quasar Proper Motions

摘要： 光学天体测量学的进展使我们能够直接从观测中推断宇宙的非径向运动结构。 这里我使用一种监督式机器学习神经网络方法，基于来自 unWISE 中红外数据库和 Gaia 的多个光度和元数据分类器参数来预测 157 万条红移。 这些估计用于将样本分为三个红移区间：1-2、2-3 和$>3$。 对于每个子集，所有可用的 Gaia 自行都被用于程度为 3（30 个拟合向量函数）的全局矢量球谐解。 我在不同红移处发现了一些拟合自行模式的显著差异。 在 1-2 和 2-3 红移区间的矢量球谐拟合比较中可以看到最大的信号。 显著的谐波包括刚性旋转、从北银极到南银极的偶极滑动以及一个额外的四极畸变。 通过过滤子样本进行的验证测试表明，检测到的效果可能是由天体测量中的隐藏系统误差引起的。 通过使用独立的红移来源并计算观测者的银河系中心加速度来验证结果。 这项研究为替代宇宙学模型提供了一种新的观测测试。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Advances in optical astrometry allow us to infer the non-radial kinematic structure of the Universe directly from observations. Here I use a supervised machine learning neural network method to predict 1.57 million redshifts based on several photometric and metadata classifier parameters from the unWISE mid-infrared database and from Gaia. These estimates are used to divide the sample into three redshift bins: 1-2, 2-3, and $>3$. For each subset, all available Gaia proper motions are used in a global vector spherical harmonic solution to degree 3 (30 fitting vector functions). I find significant differences in a few fitted proper motion patterns at different redshifts. The largest signals are seen in the comparison of the vector spherical harmonic fits for the 1-2 and 2-3 redshift bins. The significant harmonics include a rigid spin, a dipole glide from the north Galactic pole to the south and an additional quadrupole distortion. Validation tests with filtered subsamples indicate that the detected effect can be caused by hidden systematic errors in astrometry. The results are verified by using an independent source of redshifts and computing the observer's Galactocentric acceleration. This study offers a new observational test of alternative cosmological models.