标题： 现场自功能化应力传感器的设计与优化 显示英文标题

标题： Design and optimization of in situ self-functionalizing stress sensors

摘要： 机械力是多种生物过程的关键调节因子，但由于现有技术的限制，其在体内的测量仍然具有挑战性，这些技术可能具有破坏性或需要复杂的专用设置。 本研究介绍了一类新型的生物相容性自功能化应力传感器，基于反向乳液，可用于测量组织内的机械应力，同时也可以通过特定结合剂的呈现或药物递送局部扰动生物环境。 我们设计了这些反向乳液的最佳方案，重点是在两个相互矛盾的约束之间找到完美的平衡：实现低表面张力以提高变形能力，同时保持乳液不稳定以实现高效的自功能化和药物释放。 在琼脂糖凝胶和复杂生物系统（包括脑类器官和斑马鱼胚胎）中的概念验证实验，证实了液滴能够对施加在组织上的机械应力产生变形，能够自功能化并局部释放封装的分子。 这些多功能传感器提供了一种非侵入性的应力测量方法和靶向化学递送方法，在活体生物组织中克服了当前生物物理测量中的技术障碍。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Mechanical forces are crucial regulators of diverse biological processes, yet their in vivo measurement remains challenging due to limitations of current techniques, that can be destructive or require complex dedicated setups. This study introduces a novel class of biocompatible, self-functionalizing stress sensors based on inverted emulsions, that can be used to measure mechanical stresses inside tissues but can also locally perturb the biological environment through specific binder presentation or drug delivery. We engineered an optimal design for these inverted emulsions, focusing on finding the perfect balance between the two contradictory constraints: achieving low surface tension for deformability while maintaining emulsion instability for efficient self-functionalization and drug release. Proof-of-concept experiments in both agarose gels and complex biological systems, including brain organoids and zebrafish embryos, confirm the droplets ability to deform in response to mechanical stress applied on the tissue, to self-functionalize and to release encapsulated molecules locally. These versatile sensors offer a method for non-invasive stress measurements and targeted chemical delivery within living biological tissues, overcoming current technical barriers in biophysical measurements.