标题： 微波-光双共振矢量磁强计与热铷原子 显示英文标题

标题： Microwave-optical double-resonance vector magnetometry with warm Rb atoms

摘要： 开发一种在常温下运行、非侵入性、准确度高、有利于微型化且具有自校准功能的矢量磁强计是一个重大挑战。 在这里，我们介绍了一种无屏蔽的三轴矢量磁强计，其工作原理基于室温原子系综中磁光双共振特征的角依赖相对振幅。 在存在驱动基态超精细能级$F = 1$和$F = 2$之间的塞曼子能级种群的微波场的情况下，磁场依赖的双共振特征会改变调谐到$^{87}$Rb 的 D2 光学跃迁的光探针的透射率。 扫过所有塞曼子能级的微波频率会产生七个双共振特征，其振幅随着外部静态磁场的方向相对于光学和微波场偏振方向的变化而变化。 在这一概念验证实验中，使用卷积神经网络模型，以 1{\deg }的精度测量磁场方向，并以 115 nT 的精度测量接近 50$\mu$T 的磁场幅度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Developing a non-invasive, accurate vector magnetometer that operates at ambient temperature and is conducive to miniaturization and is self-calibrating is a significant challenge. Here, we present an unshielded three-axis vector magnetometer whose operation is based on the angle-dependent relative amplitude of magneto-optical double-resonance features in a room-temperature atomic ensemble. Magnetic-field-dependent double resonance features change the transmission of an optical probe tuned to the D2 optical transition of $^{87}$Rb in the presence of a microwave field driving population between the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state hyperfine levels $F = 1$ and $F = 2$. Sweeping the microwave frequency over all Zeeman sublevels results in seven double-resonance features, whose amplitudes vary as the orientation of the external static magnetic field changes with respect to the optical and microwave field polarization directions. Using a convolutional neural network model, the magnetic field direction is measured in this proof-of-concept experiment with an accuracy of 1{\deg} and its amplitude near 50 $\mu$T with an accuracy of 115 nT.