标题： 南极边缘海冰区积雪覆盖的季节变化及其对反照率和热特性的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Seasonal Variability of Snow Cover and Impact on Albedo and Thermal Properties in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone

摘要： 积雪在塑造南极海冰的热力学行为中起着关键但常常被低估的作用。 在本研究中，我们利用2019年至2024年间五次船载考察的独特数据集，研究了积雪分布的季节变化及其对边缘冰区（MIZ）表面反照率和能量通量的影响。 高分辨率可见光和红外图像，结合现场观测和气象数据，揭示出即使少量的积雪也能显著增加表面反射率并抑制传导热量传输。 我们的结果表明，简化的二元假设——如冬季分配干雪，夏季分配裸露冰面——系统性地错误表示表面条件，导致模型中的辐射和湍流通量出现显著偏差。 通过明确解析积雪覆盖比例，我们表明表面反照率和能量交换对积雪-冰的组成呈非线性响应，这对海冰的增长、融化和气候反馈具有重要意义。 这些发现提倡对当前模型参数化进行修订，强调需要多组分表面方案，以反映南极边缘冰区观察到的异质性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Snow cover plays a critical yet often underrepresented role in shaping the thermodynamic behavior of Antarctic sea ice. In this study, we investigate the seasonal variability of snow distribution and its impact on surface albedo and energy fluxes across the marginal ice zone (MIZ), using a unique dataset from five shipborne expeditions conducted between 2019 and 2024. High-resolution visible and infrared imagery, combined with field observations and meteorological data, reveal that even modest snow fractions substantially increase surface reflectivity and suppress conductive heat transfer. Our results demonstrate that simplified binary assumptions-such as assigning dry snow in winter and bare ice in summer-systematically misrepresent surface conditions, introducing significant biases in modelled radiative and turbulent fluxes. By explicitly resolving fractional snow cover, we show that surface albedo and energy exchange respond nonlinearly to snow-ice composition, with implications for sea ice growth, melt, and climate feedbacks. These findings advocate for a revision of current model parameterizations, emphasizing the need for multi-component surface schemes that reflect the observed heterogeneity of the Antarctic MIZ.