标题： 在低加速度极限下探测重力的性质：具有视角效应的极端分离度的宽双星系统 显示英文标题

标题： Probing the nature of gravity in the low-acceleration limit: wide binaries of extreme separations with perspective effects

摘要： 最近对宽双星的统计分析显示，在低内部加速度 $\lesssim 10^{-9}$ m s$^{-2}$的情况下，引力加速度有所增强，这与牛顿引力的预测不符。 这一现象很重要，因为它不允许用暗物质解释，与星系旋转曲线不同。 我们通过将最大天球投影分离度从30增加到50千天文单位（kau）来扩展之前的分析。 我们表明，在这种扩展的分离度下，所谓的“透视效应”是不可忽略的，因此将其纳入我们的分析中。 在使用非常严格标准选择的宽双星中，我们发现引力加速度增强因子 $\gamma_g \equiv g_{\rm obs}/g_{\mathrm N}$为 $1.61^{+0.37}_{-0.29}$ （来自 $\delta_{\rm obs-newt}\equiv (\log_{10}\gamma_g)/\sqrt{2}=0.147\pm0.062$）在牛顿加速度 $g_{\mathrm N} = 10^{-11.0}$ m s$^{-2}$时，对应于太阳质量双星的数十千天文单位的分离度。 在牛顿加速度$g_{\mathrm N} = 10^{-10.3}$ m s$^{-2}$时，我们发现$\gamma_g=1.26^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$ ($\delta_{\rm obs-newt}=0.072\pm0.027$)。 对于所有具有$g_{\rm N}\lesssim10^{-10}$m $s^{-2}$的二进制系统，我们发现$\gamma_g=1.32^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$($\delta_{\rm obs-newt}=0.085\pm0.027$)。这些结果与MOND型修改引力的一般预测一致，尽管当前数据不足以确定低加速度极限行为。最后，我们强调观测到的牛顿引力偏差不能通过我们考虑的视角效应或任何依赖于分离的偏心率变化来解释。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recent statistical analyses of wide binaries have revealed a boost in gravitational acceleration with respect to the prediction by Newtonian gravity at low internal accelerations $\lesssim 10^{-9}$ m\,s$^{-2}$. This phenomenon is important because it does not permit the dark matter interpretation, unlike galaxy rotation curves. We extend previous analyses by increasing the maximum sky-projected separation from 30 to 50 kilo astronomical units (kau). We show that the so-called ``perspective effects'' are not negligible at this extended separation and, thus, incorporate it in our analysis. With wide binaries selected with very stringent criteria, we find that the gravitational acceleration boost factor, $\gamma_g \equiv g_{\rm obs}/g_{\mathrm N}$, is $1.61^{+0.37}_{-0.29}$ (from $\delta_{\rm obs-newt}\equiv (\log_{10}\gamma_g)/\sqrt{2}=0.147\pm0.062$) at Newtonian accelerations $g_{\mathrm N} = 10^{-11.0}$ m\,s$^{-2}$, corresponding to separations of tens of kau for solar-mass binaries. At Newtonian accelerations $g_{\mathrm N} = 10^{-10.3}$ m\,s$^{-2}$, we find $\gamma_g=1.26^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$ ($\delta_{\rm obs-newt}=0.072\pm0.027$). For all binaries with $g_{\rm N}\lesssim10^{-10}$ m\,$s^{-2}$ from our sample, we find $\gamma_g=1.32^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ ($\delta_{\rm obs-newt}=0.085\pm0.027$). These results are consistent with the generic prediction of MOND-type modified gravity, although the current data are not sufficient to pin down the low-acceleration limiting behavior. Finally, we emphasize that the observed deviation from Newtonian gravity cannot be explained by the perspective effects or any separation-dependent eccentricity variation which we take into account.