标题： 信息辅助卡诺热机超越标准热力学界限 显示英文标题

标题： Information-Assisted Carnot Engine Surpasses Standard Thermodynamic Bounds

摘要： 信息可以提高热机性能，但其基本原理仍不够明确。 这里我们引入一个卡诺信息机器（CIE），并得到热机性能与信息之间的定量关系。 我们证明了信息的存在使得CIE能够在标准卡诺循环被禁止的区域作为热机运行，确保CIE的效率大于或等于标准卡诺效率，并显著使其能够以正功提取实现任意两能级系统的100%效率。 我们使用自旋-1/2系统明确演示了这些特性，并提出了一种基于被捕获的$^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^+$离子的实验实施方案。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Information can improve heat engine performance, but the underlying principles are still not so clear. Here we introduce a Carnot information machine (CIE) and obtain a quantitative relationship between the engine performance and information. We demonstrate that the presence of information changes allows the CIE to operate as a heat engine in the regime where the standard Carnot cycle is prohibited, ensures that the efficiency of the CIE is greater than or equal to the standard Carnot efficiency, and significantly enables it to achieve 100\% efficiency with positive work extraction for arbitrary two-level systems. We explicitly demonstrate these features using a spin-1/2 system and propose an experimental implementation scheme based on a trapped $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^+$ ion.