标题： 二级价格歧视：理论分析、实验设计与实证估计 显示英文标题

标题： Second-degree Price Discrimination: Theoretical Analysis, Experiment Design, and Empirical Estimation

摘要： 我们基于机制设计文献中的理论结果，分析了二级价格歧视（2PD）的实证模型。 我们表明，为了使随机系数离散选择模型（“BLP”模型）适用于研究2PD，它必须捕捉两个关键随机效应之间的协方差： (i) “基准”支付意愿（影响所有产品版本），以及 (ii) 各版本之间的感知差异。 然后，我们开发了一种实验设计，该设计在2PD环境中的常见数据约束下，能够识别这种协方差。 我们与一家国际航空公司合作，在实地实施了这一实验。 在实验数据上估计由理论驱动的实证模型，我们证明了其在2PD决策中的适用性。 我们还表明，我们设计中的检验统计量可以在估计需求模型之前，对最优2PD政策进行定性推断。 我们的方法广泛适用于各种二级价格歧视情境。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We build on theoretical results from the mechanism design literature to analyze empirical models of second-degree price discrimination (2PD). We show that for a random-coefficients discrete choice ("BLP") model to be suitable for studying 2PD, it must capture the covariance between two key random effects: (i) the "baseline" willingness to pay (affecting all product versions), and (ii) the perceived differentiation between versions. We then develop an experimental design that, among other features, identifies this covariance under common data constraints in 2PD environments. We implement this experiment in the field in collaboration with an international airline. Estimating the theoretically motivated empirical model on the experimental data, we demonstrate its applicability to 2PD decisions. We also show that test statistics from our design can enable qualitative inference on optimal 2PD policy even before estimating a demand model. Our methodology applies broadly across second-degree price discrimination settings.