标题： 用重子声学振荡和超新星数据检验宇宙距离对偶关系 显示英文标题

标题： Testing the cosmic distance duality relation with baryon acoustic oscillations and supernovae data

摘要： 现代宇宙学中最基本的关系之一是宇宙距离尺度关系（CDDR），它描述了角直径距离（$D_{\rm A}$）和光度距离（$D_{\rm L}$）之间的关系，其表达式为：$\eta(z)=D_{\rm L}(z)(1+z)^{-2}/D_{\rm A}(z)=1$。 在本工作中，我们通过结合SDSS和DESI调查的重子声学振荡（BAO）数据与PantheonPlus和DESY5的I型超新星（SN）数据，对CDDR进行了全面测试。 我们采用人工神经网络方法在相同红移下匹配SN和BAO数据。 为了探索CDDR可能的违反情况，我们考虑了三种不同的参数化方式：(i)$\eta(z)=1+\eta_0z$；(ii)$\eta(z)=1+\eta_0z/(1+z)$； (iii)$\eta(z)=1+\eta_0\ln(1+z)$。 我们的结果表明，超新星绝对星等$M_{\rm B}$的校准在检验CDDR的潜在偏差中起着关键作用，因为$\eta_0$和$M_{\rm B}$之间存在显著的负相关性。 对于PantheonPlus分析，当$M_{\rm B}$被当作自由参数处理时，没有发现CDDR违反的证据。 相反，将$M_{\rm B}$固定到$M_{\rm B}^{\rm D20}$先验，结合$-19.230\pm0.040$磁星会导致大约在$2\sigma$水平的偏差，而将$M_{\rm B}$固定到$M_{\rm B}^{\rm B23}$先验，结合$-19.396\pm0.016$磁星则与 CDDR 保持一致。 此外，基于 SDSS+DESY5 和 DESI+DESY5 数据的整体分析始终显示没有偏离 CDDR 的证据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： One of the most fundamental relationships in modern cosmology is the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), which describes the relationship between the angular diameter distance ($D_{\rm A}$) and the luminosity distance ($D_{\rm L}$), and is expressed as: $\eta(z)=D_{\rm L}(z)(1+z)^{-2}/D_{\rm A}(z)=1$. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive test of the CDDR by combining baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data from the SDSS and DESI surveys with type Ia supernova (SN) data from PantheonPlus and DESY5. We utilize an artificial neural network approach to match the SN and BAO data at the same redshift. To explore potential violations of the CDDR, we consider three different parameterizations: (i) $\eta(z)=1+\eta_0z$; (ii) $\eta(z)=1+\eta_0z/(1+z)$; (iii) $\eta(z)=1+\eta_0\ln(1+z)$. Our results indicate that the calibration of the SN absolute magnitude $M_{\rm B}$ plays a crucial role in testing potential deviations from the CDDR, as there exists a significant negative correlation between $\eta_0$ and $M_{\rm B}$. For PantheonPlus analysis, when $M_{\rm B}$ is treated as a free parameter, no evidence of CDDR violation is found. In contrast, fixing $M_{\rm B}$ to the $M_{\rm B}^{\rm D20}$ prior with $-19.230\pm0.040$ mag leads to a deviation at approximately the $2\sigma$ level, while fixing $M_{\rm B}$ to the $M_{\rm B}^{\rm B23}$ prior with $-19.396\pm0.016$ mag remains in agreement with the CDDR. Furthermore, overall analyses based on the SDSS+DESY5 and DESI+DESY5 data consistently show no evidence of the deviation from the CDDR.