标题： 非线性相位同步及间距在壳模型中的作用 显示英文标题

标题： Nonlinear phase synchronization and the role of spacing in shell models

摘要： 一个壳层模型可以被视为一组三元组的链，其中每个三元组可以被解释为一个非线性振荡器，该振荡器可以映射到一个旋转的陀螺。 研究这种非线性振荡器链中相位动力学与间歇性的关系，发现同步与能量传递的增加有关。 特别是，结果提供了证据，表明当壳层间距减小时观察到的间歇性系统性增加，与连续三元组相位之间的强相位对齐有关，从而促进了能量级联。 研究表明，虽然整体同步水平可以通过惯性范围内的全局相位相干性的Kuramoto序参数进行量化，但可以使用局部加权的Kuramoto参数来检测惯性范围内跨壳层传播的突发事件。 这种新的分析揭示了部分相位锁定状态如何与能量通量极端事件的通过相关联。 将此方法应用于螺旋壳层模型，发现对于某一类螺旋相互作用，相位相干性的降低与间歇性的抑制相关。 当使用两种不同的壳层模型考虑逆向级联情景，包括一个非局部的螺旋壳层模型和一个具有修改守恒定律的局部标准壳层模型时，结果显示为了维持逆向能量级联，需要一种特定的相位组织。 还观察到三元组相位的概率分布函数符合通量形式的基本考虑，这表明三元组相位为\pi /2 和 -\pi /2 时分别最大化正向和逆向能量级联。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A shell model can be considered as a chain of triads, where each triad can be interpreted as a nonlinear oscillator that can be mapped to a spinning top. Investigating the relation between phase dynamics and intermittency in a such a chain of nonlinear oscillators, it is found that synchronization is linked to increased energy transfer. In particular, the results provide evidence that the observed systematic increase of intermittency, as the shell spacing is decreased, is associated with strong phase alignment among consecutive triadic phases, facilitating the energy cascade. It is shown that while the overall level of synchronization can be quantified using a Kuramoto order parameter for the global phase coherence in the inertial range, a local, weighted Kuramoto parameter can be used for the detection of burst-like events propagating across shells in the inertial range. This novel analysis reveals how partially phase-locked states are associated with the passage of extreme events of energy flux. Applying this method to helical shell models, reveals that for a particular class of helical interactions, a reduction in phase coherence correlates with suppression of intermittency. When inverse cascade scenarios are considered using two different shell models including a non local helical shell model, and a local standard shell model with a modified conservation law, it was shown that a particular phase organization is needed in order to sustain the inverse energy cascade. It was also observed that the PDFs of the triadic phases were peaked in accordance with the basic considerations of the form of the flux, which suggests that a triadic phase of \pi/2 and -\pi/2 maximizes the forward and the inverse energy cascades respectively.